Sino-Japanese rare earth crisis over?

The addition of very small things can change dramatically change the nature, rare earths are called "industrial vitamin" , and is widely used in hybrid cars , energy-saving appliances , light emitting diodes (LED) and smart phones and other products. Xiao Bian I, as has been tracking the development of LED industry , for China this year will host the Western Pacific Naval Symposium , the Pacific Rim countries will participate in this forum. Its members are the United States , Australia, Canada and several Asian countries, including China and Japan. For this event , in particular, are concerned about the issue of Nature , Xiao Bian found an article on rare earth news appeared in the LED industry , said the United States and Japan to reduce dependence on the mainland LED phosphor rare earth prices dropped by 52 to 83 %. In order to understand what is China's rare earth pit or pit the people themselves , the survey wrote some rare problems present in China, Japan and the United States between .

As is known to all , China Rare Earth once as a military and diplomatic bargaining chips external , in 2010 suddenly stopped exports to Japan of rare earths , Japan has become a symbol of China's venture representative . And China in the East China Sea over the designated air defense identification zone , Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited the Yasukuni Shrine by the end of that , but it does not appear the topic of rare earth. Also recently , in 2014 by the China International Conference NdFeB Rare Earth Industry Association and the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo and other materials jointly organized March 3, 2014 , held in Ningbo , the participants of the rare earth prices and supply shortages in 2011 is still soaring fear. Dr. Harada Industry Association of Japan Hideki magnetic appeal , no longer appear rare earth crisis .

Rare crisis over?

September 2010 , in the East China Sea Chinese fishing boat collided with Japan Coast Guard patrol boat incident as an opportunity , China resorted to stop exports of rare earths to Japan of rare earth diplomatic card . Dependence on Chinese rare earths up to nearly 90 percent of Japan's rare earth suddenly caught short , industry chaos. Until the state has been in short supply until the summer of 2011 , rare earth prices soared to 20 times .

Rare high prices also sparked the United States, Canada and Australia in the global rare earth mining boom. Japanese companies diversify procurement channels in order to intensify , the trading company "double day" from the fall of 2013 began importing rare earths from Australia. Toyota Tsusho is scheduled to start this year in India over rare earth production . Accelerate technology development to reduce rare earth usage, recycling of rare earth extraction also appears to expand domestic waste equipment from "urban mines " in the . 2012 imports of rare earths to Japan last year , compared with almost halved , prices fell to fifth peaks. As Japanese companies to ensure that the rare earth reserves in Sino-Japanese relations have cooled to avoid the end of the chaos occurred.

Today, the industry generally believe that " the biggest victims of the embargo is China itself ." Suddenly stop supplying not only lost the trust of the international community , in addition to reducing the impact of exports by volume, China has more than 100 rare earth companies were forced to sharply cut and cut .

The weather the storm through self-help efforts in Japan becomes increasingly powerful. However , Extraordinary Professor Institute of Industrial Science , University of Tokyo Okabe withdraw special is that " Japanese companies in sourcing rare and can only be Chinese pinched neck ."

Traps hidden in the " rare earth" in this collectively . Although referred to as rare earth, but if broken , then the world is widely mined including seven kinds of light rare-earth and reserves of 10 kinds of heavy rare earth, a total of 17 species. After the collision , the Japanese companies to ensure that the rare-earth alternative sourcing mainly for the light rare earths, and heavy rare earth remains almost entirely dependent on Chinese exports.

As a representative of heavy rare earths , dysprosium indispensable in improving the high temperature performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicles equipped with a high-performance magnet aspects . Though as technology advances , the amount of dysprosium vehicle use has decreased, but the growing popularity of electric vehicles if the total amount is difficult to appear reduced.

America, Japan and rare earth crisis is still

Although the continent from 2014 rare earth export quota of view, representing a decrease of approximately 30% in 2013 , mainly due to exports of rare earths in 2013 is lower than the actual amount of that year 's quota , the 2014 quotas are adjusted accordingly . Also, according to industry research of rare earth observation monthly price changes associated with the LED cerium rare earth metals, metal yttrium , terbium oxide , in March 2014 the price was reduced rates were 38.1% , 0%, 41.3% , if the 2012 compared highs , down as much as 52 to 83 percent , this display with LED phosphors past tense situations expensive now appear soothing .

As a national procurement heavy rare-earth measures from outside China , Japan has sought to diversify alternatives , such as rare earth ore imported from Australia, India, investment in the production of rare earth, even to replace other materials such as rare earth , rare earth hope that the mainland monopoly position in the world gradually less . If the supply interruption from China , Japan will lose a steady procurement of heavy rare earth means.

And light rare earth there are also risks . When used in glass polishing cerium , after the embargo affected by the collision of the growing popularity of alternative grinding methods significantly reduce the amount . Cerium- light rare-earth mine output accounted for about half of the mixture . If the maximum yield of cerium -based sales and reduce production plan will result in the same output of mines and high-performance neodymium magnet material for optical lenses reduce the liquidity of lanthanum .

Rare earth industry stakeholders said "Although Japanese companies after the collision has been trying to reduce the amount of rare earth , but due to the current development of new uses, but appeared to increase usage ."

It is understood that the Japanese government pointed out that " Japanese companies is forgotten the pain , a sense of crisis, China 's dependence weakened . " industries are eager to supply and demand and the Sino-Japanese relations can be stabilized as soon as possible rare .

According to Xiao Bian understood , mainly in downstream applications of rare earth magnetic materials, nickel-metal hydride batteries, fluorescent lamps , oil and car exhaust catalysts five areas ; wherein the nickel metal hydride batteries, fluorescent demand accounted for about 30 %. Lost a nickel-metal hydride batteries, fluorescent lamps market , the economic effects of rare earth supply companies will be affected . For example , the rare earth fluorescent lamps are replaced , the market will reduce the demand for europium , terbium, yttrium and the like. Who should have the rare earth industry , smelting , interdependence and common prosperity with a total loss of consciousness interests of the community , for the upstream companies have a reasonable and lasting profit outlook , avoiding exploit in order to achieve win-win cooperation whole industry chain .


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