WTO ruled that China Rare Earth "quota" losing development needs to seek a new path

Geneva time on March 26 , World Trade Organization announced the United States, European Union, Japan v. China rare earths , tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of the panel report .

Report that China's rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum export tariffs with the relevant provisions of China's accession to the WTO protocol does not match China imposed export quotas on the product concerned does not meet the " 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ." In the end, the Group of Experts preliminary ruling , China 's export tax on raw materials of three , export quotas and export management measures in violation of WTO rules , China lost in this litigation.

The proceedings began March 13, 2012 , filed by the US-led United States on the issue has been rare in the exchange of information and views with Japan and Europe that China 's rare earth export restrictions on high-end industries, and other countries have had an impact , there need to be resolved through the WTO .

Rare is mainly used in electronics, metallurgy , military , played an irreplaceable role in strategic information technology, science and technology community, the late President Deng Xiaoping put forward the importance of rare earths : "The Middle East has oil , China has rare earth & rdquo ; . All world powers focus on rare height. Japan raised the country's energy resources, strategic planning in 2006 , the reserve breed new platinum, indium and rare earth three kinds of rare metals . The EU issued " vital raw materials to the EU " in June 2010 , will include 12 kinds of rare metals including rare earths as a future EU shortage of raw materials.

We assume that, prior to the continuation of a large number of rare earth mining industry and a large number of export , what is the result?

Our country is the world's first ever , after 20 years of mining , China 's rare earth reserves only a quarter of the original share of rare earth reserves, consumption is amazing. At the current production rate , China 's medium and heavy rare earth reserves in the class of 15 to 20 years after mining and exhausted, after the 2040-2050 year must be imported from abroad to meet domestic demand in order . By the time the case was " still in the Middle East has oil , China has rare earth ." Corresponding resource rich American , but it is the first sealed mines, minerals strategic reserves of rare metals to protect the country .

After China's accession to WTO, the rapid economic development , achieved remarkable success. Meanwhile, pay for environmental and resource costs is enormous. In this year's two sessions , Premier Li Keqiang proposed the development of a new phase of the tone , which " is not one-sided pursuit of GDP, improve quality and efficiency , energy saving and environmental protection " and other words , reflects the economic restructuring , the new target environment harmony.

Rare current prices, the cost reflects the environmental deficiencies. Rare earth mining damage to the environment is great, finished around the rare earth ore mined is no longer growing vegetation , and some even the whole mountain had been hollowed out into a black and blue of Bald Mountain . " Ganzhou only one place , if you want to destroy the mining of rare earth minerals such as ecological restoration of the land , the initial capital investment is expected to be as high as 38 billion yuan or more. " Jiangxi letter appoint relevant information released shows that in 2011 the entire main profit Jiangxi Rare Earth it is only 64 billion yuan, 38 billion is a huge " green debt "is a 2011 profit of Jiangxi Rare Earth Industry whole 6 times. Insiders pointed out already , to enhance investment in environmental governance will benefit the industry long-term health and sustainable development. Enforcement of environmental protection policies will have an important impact on the future pattern of rare earth development.

For the rare earth resources , domestic enterprises are also actively explore the development of the industry , the protection of the new road. Kunming Pan-Asian non-ferrous metals exchange in April 2011 to open for trading , after the support of all sectors to explore new modes of domestic civil Shouchu important rare metal resources. Currently on multiple varieties of indium , trading volume, the settlement amount in the world, has in fact formed the return of pricing power , strong support for the development of the industry.

March 28 , China's first specialized in all kinds of varieties of rare earth products for trading electronic commodity spot exchanges - Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange in more than three months after the official opening test run operation. Marking China's rare to seek international pricing has taken an important step. August 2012 , Baotou Steel Rare Earth [ 0.85% funding research report] , Xiamen Tungsten [ 0.90% funding research report] and other 12 rare earth enterprises in the northern city of Baotou Rare founded China's first rare earth trading platform. Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange 's official opening , the future development of rare earth industry will inevitably bring about positive, rational use of rare earth resources to provide the material basis , under the WTO framework , a new resolution options resources sector protection. ( Author : Zhang Lifu )

Note: The World Trade Organization (WTO) is January 1, 1995 established the predecessor of the 1948 establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). After World War II , in order to be restored as soon as the global economy , countries explore the establishment of an organization dealing with international economic cooperation , a " Bretton Woods " third agency ( the other two institutions of the World Bank, which is now and IMF ) . More than 50 countries envisaged by the plan is to build a complete International Trade Organization (ITO), as a specialized agency of the United Nations , called " economy of the United Nations ." December 11, 2001 , China formally joined the World Trade Organization , becoming its first 143 members.


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