Many jewelry items today are made from rolled gold, a technique which allows for the creation of affordable fashion or costume jewelry. While not as valuable as items made from solid gold, rolled gold gained hugely in popularity during the austere conditions following the Depression in the early 20th century.

Definition of Rolled Gold
The term rolled gold refers to a specific method of bonding gold to a base metal. It may also be referred to as gold-filled or gold overlay and must contain gold of at least 10 carats to comply with standards laid down by the Federal Trade Commission. In addition, the ratio of gold to base metal should be no less than 1/20th of the total weight. Deviations from this standard are allowed, but must be clearly marked on the item.

Rolled Gold vs. Gold Plated
Rolled gold shouldn't be confused with items which are gold flashed or gold washed. These items have a very thin layer of gold and will be less durable than either rolled gold or gold plate.

Identification
Stamps which identify the purity, manufacturer and date are almost always found on gold jewelry. Some countries, such as the U.S. and Great Britain, have strict laws governing the markings of precious metals while others are more lax. Rolled gold items are usually marked with RGP or Plaque d'or Lamine and will indicate the ratio of gold to base metal if it deviates from the accepted standard.

Rolled Gold History
Back in 1742 Thomas Bolsover of Sheffield, England pioneered a method of plating one metal onto another. Known as Sheffield Plate, a fusion of silver and copper was rolled together to form a kind of sandwich with the copper between two sheets of silver. Later, in 1844, Thomas Lowe took the technique to the U.S., using gold instead of silver in the sandwich, he created a new and inexpensive form of jewelry.

Care of Rolled Gold Jewelry
With proper care your rolled gold will last a lifetime and beyond. You should avoid immersing it in harsh chemicals such as chlorine in swimming pools, and should remove jewelry before washing to minimize contact with soap. A soft cloth can be used to gently wipe away any surface dirt and renew the shine, or for more difficult-to-reach areas an overnight soak in a little dish washing liquid, followed by a good rinse in clean water, will help keep your jewelry sparkling like new.

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Gold plating is a common process by which a very thin layer of gold metal is applied to any object. Gold plating generally results in a finished product that has the same appearance as solid gold, but, in fact, only contains a small amount of the precious metal. Gold plating has several uses, each of them taking advantage of some aspect of gold.

Jewelry
A great deal of the gold plating that is done is performed on jewelry. An artist or jeweler may add gold plating to a portion of a piece of jewelry to add a secondary color to the design or cover the entire piece in gold, giving it the look of a solid-gold object. Like solid gold, a gold-plated piece of jewelry retains its gold color indefinitely and does not tarnish or rust. Of course, gold-plated jewelry is not nearly as valuable or costly as its solid-gold counterparts, though the physical appearance is much the same. Depending on the process used, gold-plated jewelry may eventually wear as the metal below the layer of gold begins to show through, ruining the illusion.

Electronics
Electronics manufacturers also use gold plating for a very different purpose. One of the unique properties of gold is its excellent conductivity. For this reason, gold-plated electronics components are among the most reliable and highest quality in the industry. Computer semiconductors sometimes use gold plating, as do high-end audio cables that transmit sound at extremely high-quality levels.

Decoration
Finally, gold plating is used for its aesthetic value, simply to embellish or decorate. For thousands of years, artists and architects have used gold plating to enhance their work, whether adding gold leaf to a painting, to the edges of pages in a book, to the capital of a marble column or to the cornice of a building. This use of gold plating serves as a reminder that gold has been considered sacred, valuable and, even, magical by many cultures throughout history.

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Gold-plated eating utensils are a beautiful addition to any formal or classic dining set. Though initially vibrant, gold-plated utensils can tarnish and will require cleaning once a season. While you'll find many chemical gold cleaners on the market, the best option for cleaning your gold-plated eating utensils is to use a homemade gold cleaner that avoids harsh chemicals, which may damage your utensils, and restores the luster to your utensils with minimal cost and labor.

1.Fill a medium-sized glass bowl 3/4 full with warm water. Make sure the water is warm to the touch, but not scalding.

2.Add 1 tbsp. of gentle dish soap to the water and mix.

3.Fill a second glass bowl with room temperature water and set it aside.

4.Put on a pair of cleaning gloves. Rubber gloves that are used for kitchen cleaning work well, but make sure that the gloves are new or cleaned. You don't want any chemicals that are on the gloves to mix with the cleaning solution; therefore, using new gloves is the best option.

5.Add 1 tsp. of ammonia to the bowl containing the water and soap solution and mix the ammonia with the solution using a cooking spoon or your gloved hand.

6.Put four or five utensils into the bowl with the ammonia solution. Depending on the size of your bowl, you should be able to fit that many utensils without crowding the bowl. Allow the utensils to rest in the solution for 20 minutes.

7.Remove the utensils from the solution and immediately put them into the second bowl with the room temperature water. If you still see a buildup of residue, lightly brush the utensils with a toothbrush. Then gently rinse the utensils off in the second bowl by moving them back and forth in the water.

8.Take the utensils out of the second bowl one at a time and dry them with a clean cotton towel. Do not let them air dry, as they may dry with water spots.

9.Repeat the cleaning process with the rest of the utensils.

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Mainly refers to the destruction of such elements and hinder the graphite ball elements, according to their mechanism of action can be divided roughly into three categories:
First, the ball-type anti-consuming elements, such as sulfur, oxygen, selenium, tellurium, etc., are magnesium, rare earth elements form compound, by consuming the ball elements to prevent the formation of spheroidal graphite.

The second is the realm of segregation ball interfering elements, including tin, antimony, arsenic, copper, boron, titanium, aluminum, etc. These elements enriched to grain boundaries, prompting the late carbon eutectic crystallization, the formation of abnormal dendritic graphite If higher levels of these elements can also contribute to the eutectic graphite medium distortion, to form a slug or a thick flake graphite.

Third, some intermediate ball interfering elements, such as aluminum, bismuth, they lower content starring role through segregation distortion contributed graphite, with higher levels of energy consumption when the ball elements.

Gold plating refers to the activity of beautifying objects with a covering or a design of gold which may be in powder form. It is a method of depositing a thin layer of gold onto a surface of another different metal, mostly copper or silver. This is usually done by electrochemical or chemical means

1.Prepare a potassium-iodide solution which will be used to strip gold. Have distilled water, iodine and potassium iodide. Add iodine, potassium iodide and distilled water in the ratio of 1:4:10 in terms of weight. Sodium iodide-iodine solution can also be used as a substitute for the potassium iodide-iodine solution. The main function of iodine is to oxidize the gold plating, while iodide contributes to making the iodized gold soluble.

2.Add the potassium iodide into the distilled water and stir until both are completely dissolved.

3.Add the weighted iodine into the solution. This should be done only after the potassium iodide has been completely dissolved. However, during the addition of iodine, do not stir.

4.Immerse the gold-plated copper into the stripping solution until the gold plating has been removed completely. This should be done at temperatures of between 350 and 400 degrees Celsius.

5.Precipitate the gold that has been dissolved and removed by adding 30 percent hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution. This solution is usually neutralized by use of sodium hydroxide, and it is added up to the point where the solution turns from brown color to clear. Sodium hydroxide is a reducing agent especially in acidic environments. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution is usually used as a reducing agent in an alkaline environment to precipitate gold.

6.Add an excess amount of the reducing agent solution to ensure complete removal and precipitation of gold. This should be approximately a third of the initial added amount.

7.Remove the precipitated gold through filtration.

8.Regenerate the hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution by adding 30 percent hydrogen peroxide to every hundred milliliters of the stripping solution. This will assist in restoration of the stripping solution to its former strength.

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