Rare earth market quotation in China: terbium oxide, praseodymium oxide and neodymium oxide prices increase on December 19, 2022 due to strong rised mentality of sellers. 

The preparation of tungsten oxide film includes sol-gel technique from ethanol acetylated tungsten peroxide sols containing varying amounts of organic matter, namely oxalic acid dehydrate (OAD). The chemical properties of the precursor solution were changed by varying the proportion of dopants, allowing the microstructure of the films to be altered, which are otherwise amorphous to X-rays.

Molybdenum market quotation in China: sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate and ammonium heptamolvbdate prices remain stable on December 19, 2022 with the impact of the decline in international molybdenum price. 

Tungsten oxide films are able to switch rapidly between transparent and blue states. These are the counteractions of the mesoporous structure and the interconnected nanocrystalline phases. Deepa et al. compared the electrochromic properties of sol-gel-derived amorphous and nanocrystalline tungsten oxide films. The pristine acetylated tungsten peroxide sol with and without the addition of 4 wt% oxalic acid dehydrating agent (OAD) produced nanocrystalline and amorphous tungsten oxide (WO₃) films, respectively, by the impregnation technique.