Chitosan (Chit) is a non-toxic derivative of chitin, namely the β-(1,4)- linked polysaccharide of D-glucosamine. Application of chitosan coatings on substrates by the dip coating technique was proved to be highly effective in corrosion prevention by producing thin layers with controlled characteristics. The transparency of chitosan coatings also constitutes an advantage as it does not change the appearance of the underlying substrate.

Thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate (APT) in air has been investigated previously. The thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate (APT) in hydrogen (H2) now has been studied to investigate the decomposition process.

Low grade tungsten concentrate has such characteristics as a high content of calcium and impurities, and a low content of WO3. But it has a lower price than standard tungsten concentrate.

Ammonium paratungstate (APT), is an important starting material in tungsten industry. Through reduction of APT, produces most of the tungsten products, including tungsten trioxide, tungsten bronze, etc.

Tungsten alloy application in military industry is mainly for aerospace, weapon and nuclear industry. Tungsten alloy (WHA) is heavy metal with main content of tungsten 90~97%, and other elements, such as copper, nickel, iron, manganese, and molybdenum.

It seems that there is no correction between tungsten heater and alcohol bottle, however, they are related together by the vacuum coating furnace, which can make the bottles with colorful surface.

Ammonium paratungstate (APT) is common starting material in the synthesis of tungsten products. Thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate (APT) in air leads to production of tungsten trioxide (WO₃) which can be used as a catalyst. WO₃ is also a common precursor material for manufacture of tungsten metal powder, which has been applied in the fields of lightings, electronics, and high-temperature resistant material.

Transition element oxides are of great interest for both fundamental science and technological applications due to their multifunctional properties. Tungsten oxides WOx , where 2 ≤ x ≤ 3, are among the most important substances from this large group. Nowadays they are commonly used as photocatalysts, gas sensors, and electrochromic materials. There are also some new applications of WOx for dyesensitized solar cells, optical data storage and field-emission displays. Besides, cation-doped WOx is considered as high-Tc superconductor

Tungsten products are excellent material having widely applications in different fields such as catalyst, alloys, and hard tools, due to its various characteristics. Ammonium paratungstate (APT) is the precursor material for most tungsten products.

Ammonium paratungstate (APT) is an important intermediate in the process of tungsten metallurgy. With APT, most tungsten products can be produced. The conventional methods for most of the commercial production of APT are caustic soda leaching and soda ash leaching.