How Can You Tell if Gold is Real or Fake?
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- Category: Tungsten Information
- Published on Saturday, 12 October 2013 12:31
- Written by Cher
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To tell if gold is real or fake, measure its density. The density of gold, 19.3 grams / cm3, is much higher than most other metals. Even lead has a density of only 11.4 g/cm3 -- platinum, iridium, osmium, and neptunium are the only metals that have a density over 20 g/cm3! (For comparison the density of water is only 1 g/cm3).
To measure the density of a metal, you need a scale or balance (to measure the mass) and a graduated cylinder (to measure the volume).
First weigh the piece of gold on the scale. Then, to determine the volume, add some water to the graduated cylinder. It doesn't matter how much, but write down exactly how much there is.
Then add the gold to the graduated cylinder. Again, write down the exact water level. Take the difference of the two numbers to get the volume of the gold alone. Remember 1 milliliter = 1 cm3.
Finally, find the density by dividing the mass by the volume (density = mass ÷ volume). If what you get is approximately 19 g/cm3, then it is real gold. It might be slightly less because almost all gold jewelry is not actually 100% gold (pure gold is too soft for jewelry). Note also that this method won't work if there parts of the jewelry that are not gold (like gems, etc.) because the density you measure will be affected by those other non-gold parts.
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Tungsten Based Bucking Bar
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- Category: Tungsten Information
- Published on Saturday, 12 October 2013 11:33
- Written by Cher
- Hits: 1357
Tungsten heavy alloy is ultimate the Bucking bar material - you will never use steel bars again! Because of the density, you can create the best shape for your space so it's just right for getting inside the ribs and spars gaps on wings, flight controls, etc. The weight and the density of the metal make for the best rivet bucking in the industry. With tungsten-based bars, just a few taps with a 3X rivet gun and a 1/4 rivet is complete. This saves possible damage to the aircraft skin and frames due to less repeat riveting and it also saves time allowing you to move on to the next rivet.
Tungsten-based bucking bars are also ergonomically better than steel. Studies show that tungsten-based bucking bars reduce the amount of vibration the user experiences and therefore reduces the chance for white finger or carpal tunnel syndrome.
Tungsten Bucking Bar Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.buckingbar.cn
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Pure Tungsten And Pure Tungsten Electrodes
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- Category: Tungsten Information
- Published on Friday, 11 October 2013 15:22
- Hits: 1600
Pure tungsten is the production of pure tungsten products, materials . Pure tungsten is called its purity more than 99.95% pure . Products made of pure tungsten has the highest density of tungsten products, including tungsten and carbide products. Pure tungsten products are preferred by the customer , its high density , high temperature, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance , high hardness , and low thermal expansion . Tungsten is a chemical element , chemical symbol W and atomic number 74. Pure tungsten products, including tungsten , tungsten wire, tungsten contacts , tungsten heater element , tungsten wire , tungsten crucible , and so on.
Pure tungsten electrode arc welding electrodes used first , but in DC welding conditions, the breed is prone to afford electrode arc or maintenance instability, adding rare earth oxides can greatly improve the situation , so pure only as a communication condition tungsten welding electrodes or as the resistance welding electrode . Pure tungsten electrodes least 99.5% of tungsten , no alloying elements. Tungsten has a very high electron work function , so compared to other alloys of tungsten electrodes , the arc difficult pure tungsten electrodes , the arc to maintain the stability of the beam is more difficult . Furthermore , because of its higher electron work function , the electrode tip temperature is higher and prone to grain growth , which would lead to instability of the arc beam , arcing difficult , and the service life is shorter . Pure tungsten is used only for AC welding , however , you can choose a good DC .
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Bucking Bar Sleeve
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- Category: Tungsten Information
- Published on Friday, 11 October 2013 15:50
- Written by Cher
- Hits: 1894
Example embodiments of bucking bar sleeves for use with handheld air damped bucking bar devices are described herein. Such sleeves are not limited to use with any one particular bucking bar device, nor are such sleeves limited to use with justair damped bucking bar devices. In addition, and rather than being constructed as a separate sleeve, it is contemplated that the sleeve can be integrated into the bucking bar device. Further, the bucking bar sleeves sometimes are described herein inthe context of an aircraft. Such bucking bar sleeves are not limited to use in any one particular riveting application, and can be used in many different applications.
The bucking bar sleeve described herein is adjustable and engages to a known air damped bucking bar device. The sleeve facilitates assuring a desired compression of a rivet buck tail during a riveting operation, avoiding formation of gapsbetween parts, and providing bar balance and vibration control for operators. More particularly, and as described below in more detail, in one embodiment the bucking bar sleeve includes an adjustable, encircling, non-marring reference surface thatlimits the degree of compression of the buck tail. The non-marring surface also controls an even compression across the end of the rivet. The relative position of the non-marring surface with respect to the bucking bar can be adjusted to allow adesired amount of compression of the buck tail. The sleeve therefore removes at least some dependency on the skill and experience of the operator, and facilitates avoiding variation and rework.
Thorium And Thorium Tungsten Electrode
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- Category: Tungsten Information
- Published on Friday, 11 October 2013 15:19
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Th is a radioactive tetravalent metal element, in the form of compounds in mineral (e.g. stone monazite and thorium), usually linked together with the rare earth metal is mainly as the isotope with mass number 232, half-life of 1.39 × 10 10 years, the formation of new particles emitted α thorium 1 [thorium] - element symbols Th, Th external electronic arrangement is 6d27s2, extranuclear arrangement of 2,8,18, 32,18,10,2. Isotopes and radiation with Th-226 [30.6m], Th-227 [18.72d], Th-228 [1.91y], Th-229 [7340y], Th-230 [75400y], Th-231 [1.06d], Th-232 (discharge α [14000000000y]), Th-233 [22.3m], Th-234 [24.1d]. Density 11.7 g / cm 3. Melting point of about 1750 ℃, boiling point of about 4000 ℃. 1400 ℃ the following atoms arranged in a face-centered cubic crystal; when the heating temperature is reached, they changed the body-centered cubic crystal. Silver-white metal, long-term exposure to the atmosphere fade to gray. Relatively soft, malleable. Insoluble in acid and hydrofluoric acid, but soluble in fuming hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and aqua regia. Nitric acid to make thorium purification. Caustic it had no effect. High temperature with halogen, sulfur, nitrogen effect. Radioactive half-life of approximately 1.4 × 1010 years. All thorium salts showed +4. Chemically zirconium, hafnium similar.
Thorium tungsten electrode is the earliest use of rare earth tungsten electrodes, welding performance is so far the best varieties of tungsten electrodes, so the species on a global scale tungsten electrodes highest market share, but because thorium tungsten electrode grinding and polishing powder metallurgy and rolling will occur during radioactive contamination, so European countries limit the production of the varieties electrode, but because of its excellent welding performance, its use is not restricted.
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