Cold , forged While increasing the yield strength and tensile strength , but reduces the ductility of the alloy . When the forging deformation of 30 % or more micro-cracks occur material , ductility and toughness dramatically. And when high levels of tungsten alloy , the alloy is less able to withstand the cold deformation . In order to make a high tungsten content alloys with high deformation capacity , while not causing damage to the material , therefore, developed a new thermal machining technology . Thermomechanical processing technique is characterized in that in the deformation process of the tungsten alloy is heated , the deformation at a certain temperature , a large amount of deformation , than the amount of deformation of hydrostatic extrusion is much larger ( up to 95% or more ) , and the good ductility of the alloy . Thermo-mechanical processing technologies including hot extrusion, hot-rolled and hot extruded, hot deformation with forged composite technology .

Hot Extrusion and Hot Extrusion - Forging Complex Deformation Process

Hot extrusion technique is improved by cold extrusion technology to produce a new advanced deformation process , its high density tungsten alloy preparation of large deformation strength , ductility and toughness are very good high-toughness tungsten alloy has a great location , and its working principle and roughly the same hydrostatic extrusion , hot extrusion is different working environment temperature , using the working medium from the pressure in the extrusion process transmission and lubricating effect , the working medium of a direct selection affect the stability of fluid lubrication layer formation , is generally used as a mixture of the working medium , such as graphite - a mixture of glass , when the glass is in a molten state, the media can satisfy hydrostatic extrusion on the lubrication requirements of the medium with the appropriate viscosity can form a good dynamic lubrication layer , a good solution to the problem of mold and prevent seal leakage of lubricating medium . As hot extrusion technology is at a relatively high temperature, so a greater amount of deformation processing , strengthening effect greater inhomogeneity is small, and a small pressing pressure cold extrusion , extending the service life of the mold .

Hot Deformation Process

Hot-rolled or hot - forging deformation of the composite thermal process deformation of another process . Deformation under heating , rolling and intermediate annealing after many , finally rolled into desired size and performance requirements of the material. On the brittleness of tungsten alloy materials, especially brittle solid-phase sintering of tungsten alloys, pure tungsten and tungsten - copper composite materials using this deformation process to improve the ductility and strength of materials particularly advantageous that the process of large deformation , mainly for the tungsten alloy material deformation processed into thin , thin slices. The tungsten content is low ( 70% -80% ) of the tungsten alloy , the tungsten content is low , liquid phase sintering is difficult to control to obtain a uniform thickness can be rolled bar . The alloy by solid phase sintering , and hot rolling , the alloy can 30070-35 % elongation , after rolling, can be a sheet having a thickness of 0.15mm thick .




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Tungsten is a brittle metal with a very high melting point. Out of all of the elements only carbon has a higher melting point, and tungsten's melting point is higher than 3300 degrees Celsius. Tungsten is also very hard and scratch-resistant, and metal tungsten rings are very popular. Many men wear them as their wedding rings because they don't scratch and always look new. There are a variety of types of metal tungsten.

Pure Metal Tungsten
Tungsten is element W on the periodic table. It has an atomic weight of 183.84 and its atomic number is 74. It has the highest melting point of any metallic element. In its pure form, it is light gray or white and very brittle. It can be cut with a simple saw or formed into various shapes. Because of this, and its high melting point, tungsten is used in the filaments of a variety of light emitting products such as light bulbs and televisions. Pure metal tungsten is generally obtained from wolframite and scheelite, a mineral. The process by which tungsten is extracted from wolframite was pioneered by two Spanish chemists and mineralogists in 1783.

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Tungsten carbide has become increasingly popular and in high demand throughout the decades, now presently producing up to almost 30,000 tons annually.

The Present Day
Isostatic pressure sintering, led to the development of tungsten which was even harder than before. Tungsten is used in tools, mining, weaponry and even jewelry.

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When combined with cobalt, titanium or tantalum, the material was strengthened. This made it very popular for use in cutting, milling and mining drills.

World War II
During the second World War, tungsten carbide was needed by both sides for its weaponry production. Portugal was valuable due to its supplies of of wolframite ore, a source of tungsten.

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Tungsten carbide is what most tungsten rings are made of. It is incredibly durable but rather difficult to make. Tungsten carbide is a mixture of tungsten and carbon atoms within a structure formed by another metal, generally either cobalt or nickel. To form the metal tungsten powder, which is then mixed with the cobalt or nickel, you mix the carbon, tungsten and metal oxides and then heat until a bond is formed between the elements. After you mix the powder with the cobalt and add wax you mill the powder and then mold into the desired shape.

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Tungsten-steel alloys are extremely hard and are made by combining tungsten and steel. They only require a small amount of tungsten compared to the amount of steel used. These alloys are used in many high speed applications such as rocket engine nozzles.

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Tungsten rings come in a variety of designs. They're made of tungsten carbide generally and many feature gold overlays or diamond insets. Most are a silver that resembles platinum or white gold but you may also purchase black tungsten rings that may also feature overlays or designs. Tungsten rings are not expensive and may be purchased for as little as $50, as of the date of publication, although the black tungsten rings generally cost more than that.

Conclusion
Tungsten is an extremely durable and cost-efficient way to produce a variety of products. There is probably tungsten in some of the products around you right now. From televisions to race cars to wedding bands, tungsten may be found in many facets of our lives.

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Tungsten is a resilient steel-gray metal, located in many different ores. While the metal was actually discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1781, its many uses weren't discovered until the early decades of the twentieth century. Tungsten carbide has been used in mining and mechanical applications--everything from light-bulb filaments and x-ray tubes to drill bits.

Discovery
Scheele discovered a new acid which could be made from an ore called tungstenite--later known as scheelite. In 1783 Jose and Fausto Elhuyar managed to isolate and extract tungsten from the ore.

The Twenties and the Thirties
Tungsten carbide was used by the German company Osram in place of diamond drawing dies. Cemented carbide was invented and used for the cutting and milling of iron and steel.

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Organ Problems
When tungsten carbide is swallowed, it can lead to loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The China Tungsten Industry Association states that "reports outside the [tungsten carbide] industry suggest that ingestion of significant amounts of cobalt has the potential for causing blood, heart and other organ problems."

Reducing Exposure
When working with tungsten carbide, you can reduce your exposure by wearing clothing that covers your skin, including gloves and safety glasses; wearing a respirator or working in a well-ventilated area; cleaning work areas using a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter or other system that removes small particles from surfaces and the air; and always washing skin that has been exposed to tungsten carbide thoroughly.

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Organ Problems
When tungsten carbide is swallowed, it can lead to loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The China Tungsten Industry Association states that "reports outside the [tungsten carbide] industry suggest that ingestion of significant amounts of cobalt has the potential for causing blood, heart and other organ problems."

Reducing Exposure
When working with tungsten carbide, you can reduce your exposure by wearing clothing that covers your skin, including gloves and safety glasses; wearing a respirator or working in a well-ventilated area; cleaning work areas using a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter or other system that removes small particles from surfaces and the air; and always washing skin that has been exposed to tungsten carbide thoroughly.

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