Rare in smart phones, battery, and hard drives and other electronic devices in the application is known , but the utilization of rare earth metals in a loop but few developers . This will not only reduce the e-waste emissions and can ease the crisis in the supply of these metals , while the end user is no longer a resource depletion or too costly to worry .

Last week, specializing in hazardous waste disposal VeoliaES Massachusetts company opened a new plant in the state , according to "WMW" ( Waste Management World ) article reported that the company working with partners from the fluorescent powder recovery of rare earth elements. Containing rare earth fluorescent powder is a mixture , which is usually used in video screen displays and fluorescent lamps inside .

Factories operated by the VeoliaES have fluorescent, ballasts, batteries, computers, electronic products and mercury-containing waste recycling equipment . Based on "WMW" said, this plant is almost one hundred percent recycled fluorescent in earth, and to prevent harmful to the environment and waste mercury into circulation .

Meanwhile, Belgian researchers found that can be recovered by the wet extraction of neodymium magnets and samarium elements inside .

"This process involves from neodymium and samarium cobalt magnets rare earth elements and other elements in the wet extracted ." Lead researcher Koen Binnemans on " Chemical World " said. "The other elements - including iron, cobalt , manganese , copper and zinc - liquid , and rare earth metal is showing the water phase" ion solution can also be recycled.

Another method , allegedly Ames method , a molten magnesium separated from the rare earth magnets , permanent magnets are crushed into small pieces of metal dissolved in the liquid , the evaporated magnesium is boiled only rare earth elements.

However, it was questioned calls need to do a lot of profitable e-waste . 2010 New York Times article mentioned in the Japanese and holding company with a recycling plant to refine rare earths, the computer chips crushed to 2 cm after melting at 1400 degrees Celsius . This plant process 300 tonnes of waste a day but only outputs 150 grams of rare earth metals .
" Chemical World " quoted Binnemans argument, although less than 1% of the rare earth elements are recycled , 20% of global demand can thus met.

" Recycling is only partially solve the supply problem , not replace ore production, only as a supplement ," he said through an integrated loop ore production and use , from the Western countries, the future may be largely dependent on Chinese supplies .

However, this seems too optimistic , given to about 95 percent by the Chinese supply of rare earth elements , some of the rare earth consumers through the loop by reducing raw material costs, reduce dependence on foreign resources . Several large car manufacturers have declared the use of rare earth loop plan , and the need to reduce vehicle production of the rare earths used.

Honda has developed a new hybrid car from used nickel metal hydride batteries in the recycling of rare earth first step. Based on Honda's argument, this method can be extracted from the waste batteries in 80% of the rare earths, 99 % purity , can reach the level of ore processed . Honda declare their goal is not only from the battery in refining rare earth metals, and other components from the production line is also extracted .

Other car manufacturers are also trying to reduce the amount of rare earths . 2012 Toyota declare that they have developed a need to use rare earth production of hybrid cars approach. GM also confirmed dysprosium element in reducing engine technology has been used in an amount close to a breakthrough. Ford has stated that they will use lithium-ion batteries instead of nickel-metal hydride batteries, the move will make the company spend on earth annually by 50 million pounds.

Although rare earth loop from the terminal application use and reduce demand for rare earths is a worrying trend , but the fact is that the use of rare earth loops , especially for the electronics industry , it is still the initial stage, but also in the foreseeable future unlikely to significantly cut demand . Either way, the end user to use the new technologies in order to reduce costs to improve profit margins , investors will still be wise to keep the use of rare earth loop aspects of development .


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August 26 morning, the Ministry of Land and 11th ministerial office will be considered and approved in principle the " Land and Resources issued in the year 2013 rare earth ore mining tungsten ore antimony total control of the notice" ( hereinafter referred to as "Notice" ) , to determine this year the country will maintain the same total amount of ionic rare earth mining , rare earth ore ( rare earth oxides REO) total control of mining 46,900 tons .

Tungsten, antimony, rare earth output tighter control

From the calendar year issued indicators situation, tungsten 2006-2012 the number of indicators issued increasing compound growth rate of 4% , antimony ore mining aggregates 2009-2012 CAGR of 5%. However, rare earth ore and tungsten ore antimony there is a difference , in 2009 there had total control of mining index lower case , is 82,300 tons ; 2010 this indicator increased to 89,200 tons ; 2011 national total control of rare earth mining continues based on the increase in the previous 4,600 tons to 93,800 tons , of which 80,400 tons of rare earth light , medium and heavy rare earth 13,400 tons ; while in 2012 and 2011 a considerable amount of targets .

Earlier this year , the Ministry issued a 2013 year the first batch of tungsten , antimony , rare earth mining total control . Which, in the rare earth mining indicators, rare earth ore ( rare earth oxides REO) total control of mining 46,900 tons , of which ionic index 8,950 tons of rare earth ore , rock -and-light rare earth ore targets 37,950 tons . According to "notice ", this year the country will continue to maintain the same total amount of ionic rare earth mining - that is nearly three years to maintain the same total amount ; tungsten mining maintain total control standards in 2012 ; antimony mining total control moderately reduced . Show not only for control of rare earth minerals out more stringent , the state of tungsten, antimony output control is also increasingly tighter .

Guangdong has only four rare earth ore mining permits

As rare earth reserves in Guangdong province in recent years, controlling the total rare earth mining conditions also showed a contraction . From the Provincial Department of Information , 2010 , the Ministry issued indicators of 2,000 tons ; 2011 to 2200 tons ; But in 2012 issued the first batch of 1,100 tons , the Ministry of Land Resources issued the second batch of indicators does not allocation Guangdong indicators, but at the end of the Guangdong added 800 tons , so the year is 1900 tons. Now issued in early 2013 rare earth mining enterprises and control indicators ( first batch ) decomposition of shows this year and last year, the first batch of the first indicators of the number of indicators remained unchanged for 1,100 tons .

But it is worth noting that, with Guangdong 's rare earth reserves of rare earth industry chain and value compared to 2000 tons per year up and down the Guangdong mining index does not appear to match.

It is understood that at present only four rare earth mine in Guangdong have mining permit. But according to industry sources, the current year 's rare earth smelting and separation of Guangdong targets close to 10,000 tons ; According to the " Rare Earth Industry Development Plan , Guangdong Province ( 2008-2020 ) " , the output value of Guangdong Province, the rare earth industry chain will exceed 1 trillion in 2020 million. But in fact to 2012 , this goal had been achieved ahead of schedule , by 2020 the figure is more likely to double.

It is understood that , in addition to the illegal exploitation of rare earth ore to increase the crackdown , according to the provincial government issued "on the province to promote the views of the rare earth industry consolidation " , the province will also be rare earth resources and timetable proposed integration of industrial chain , is expected to basically completed the end of 2015 the province 's rare earth industry chain integration .


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Currently more deserted rare earth market, the price of dysprosium price level in addition to the more obvious downside, most product prices remained stable, and near the end of the month, some companies achieve sales targets, to reduce transaction enthusiasm, temporarily not significantly adjust prices.

Yttrium oxides market traders offer for several weeks now, steady, price volatility is not, offer significantly higher than 6,7 1.5-2 yuan / ton or so, but in August prices flat.

Oxide market, according to industry insiders indicate Ganzhou grass Shen praseodymium month contract situation is better, the price is also from the beginning with a vote 53-54 yuan / ton up to 57-58 yuan / ton or so, praseodymium market supply has been slightly nervous, compared lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, erbium oxide, etc. are more good sales. Neodymium oxide market prices stable, the current price 36-37 yuan / ton.

Gadolinium-based products market, currently gadolinium oxide and gadolinium iron prices compared with the previous two weeks, a slight reduction in supply of high-priced, high-priced supplier before the newspaper quoted return to the mainstream. Currently gadolinium with ticket 20 yuan / ton, gadolinium-iron with votes 215,000 yuan / ton.

Magnetic scrap market, many recyclers reflect today's market is not good pricing, market price confusion, overall prices showed a downward trend. According to traders reflect Linyi City, there are currently at 110 yuan / kg to close long, 130 yuan / kg received tiles phenomenon, this price is higher than the day before yesterday has decreased significantly. While recyclers reflect daily for two days prior to receipt ratio decreased. Consolidate the market and some prices, currently short of 102-104 yuan / kg, long 111-114 yuan / kg, tile 133,134 yuan / kg, the market trading mentality is different offer also high and low, and the current market movements rapidly.


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Recently, the Minister of Land, party secretary, the State Land Chief Inspector Jiang Daming chaired the 11th meeting of the Ministers office will be considered and approved in principle the "MLR issued in the year 2013 rare earth ore mining tungsten ore antimony total control indicators notice "to determine the country this year will remain unchanged total ionic rare earth mining, while modest increases in mining rare earth mineralization indicators; tungsten mining maintain total control standards in 2012; antimony mining modest reduction in total control .

"As the time draws near earth exchange operator, rare earth price stability mechanism will strengthen, A-share market in the relevant listed company will certainly benefit from it." Guotai Junan Investment Adviser Sun Ying said that in the afternoon, so investors should pay close concerns related to stock investment opportunities.

Since since July 2011, rare earth prices experienced a decline in nearly two years, so that the cost of production of rare earth prices of basic regression, the recent rebound in the price of rare earth in part the return value. In addition, China's rare earth industry regulation, overseas rare earth mine production delays of production are also important factors. "Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange is scheduled to run in October by the Baotou Rare Earth, Xiamen Tungsten and other rare earth production and circulation enterprises jointly funded the establishment involved in the formation of 12 shareholders Exchange business capacity accounted for over 80% of the country's rare earth." Sun Ying said that with the exchange operator time is approaching earth, rare earth price stability mechanism will be strengthened.


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Japan from the United Nations International Seabed Authority to obtain a high seas in the Pacific seabed mining of rare earth exploration rights agency, in the next 15 years, located in Tokyo about 2000 kilometers southeast of the South Bird Island neighborhood, an area of ​​3,000 square kilometers of exploration and exploitation of seabed area .

Exploration Team Leader, Tokyo University professor Yasuhiro Kato (YasuhiroKato) pointed out that, according to the preliminary findings, the mine's metal reserves even higher than imagined. However, when there is no clear Japanese mining of rare earth metals can potentially become a reality.

Over the past few years, Japan has invested in mining and production of precious metals in Kazakhstan and Kazakhstan 斯捷普诺戈尔 Minsk City built rare earth joint venture production plant. In addition, in order to find alternative raw materials of rare earth metals, Japan is considering including cell phones and computers, including the use of waste electronic products as a renewable raw material.

Japan is doing everything possible to reduce the rare earth production areas in monopolistic China's dependence. One-third of the world's rare earth reserves China currently supplies 90% of global market. Rare earth metals main importing countries are Japan, the U.S. and the EU. For this reason, in 2009 China significantly reduce the production and export of rare earth, causing prices to rise and the main importing countries of discontent. Intensification of territorial disputes with China in the context of Japanese feel passive.

At the same time, the Russian state-owned enterprises and private enterprises PocTex ICT Group announced plans to mine rare earth deposits in Yakutia Republic, the Republic of Yakutia Thom Thor prepared to invest billions of dollars mine. The mine is considered to be the world's largest deposits of rare earths, proven reserves of 1.54 billion tons of ore containing yttrium, niobium oxide, scandium, terbium, and other rare earth elements.

ICT Group spokesman Vlad? Vail efavirenz said: "Now is not only Japan but the whole world is concerned to ensure that their supply of rare earth metals. We do not have any in Yakutia cooperation program, but as a consumer market, Japan for all manufacturers interested in us to make the decision to mine rare earth metals look to the future not only hopes to export, but also take into account the Russian industry will increase the demand for rare earth metals. mineral properties may help to improve its competitive ability. "


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Future impact of modern industry is the basic substance, must ultimately special metal functional materials, and rare earth functional materials is the most important one.

Most of China's rare earth mining enterprises located in a large area. In the core area of ​​rare earth resources, China's rare earth industry formed three bases and two major north-south pattern of rare earth production system. Three bases are located in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan and Jiangxi Ganzhou MIANNING represented by seven southern provinces. Including header and mianning region dominated by light REE, and Jiangxi provinces in southern seven heavy rare earth-based. Two production systems, namely the northern light rare earth-based process system and to the south of the heavy rare earth-based process system.

In the new materials industry, "second five" key catalog among the rare earth functional materials selected 25 species, including rare earth magnetic materials and rare earth luminescent materials accounted for 50% of the total.

"Twelfth Five-Year Plan" that, "Twelve Five" period, China is expected to require a total of 40,000 tons of rare earth permanent magnet materials. New energy field, 2015 cumulative production and sales of new energy vehicles will be more than 500,000, according to every need of new energy vehicles 60kw rare earth permanent magnet 3 kg basis, totaling 1,500 tons of rare earth permanent magnet. During the second five efforts to achieve the output value of new materials more than 25% annual growth target. Organizational development of high energy product rare earth permanent magnet materials, new production processes, promoting high coercivity, high temperature NdFeB magnets and samarium cobalt magnets, Sm-Fe-N isotropic bonded magnet powder and industrialization, the new permanent Material production capacity 20,000 tons / year. In foreign countries, of rare earth resources had already been applied to the high-tech military which. Rare is the manufacture of precision-guided weapons, radar and night-vision goggles and other weaponry indispensable element. U.S. "Patriot" missiles to intercept incoming missiles precisely the reason why, thanks to the guidance system used about 4 kg of tungsten-cobalt magnets and titanium boron magnets; U.S. "Aegis" system of spy-1 radar is also used made by the Chinese rare earth magnets. Without these elements, these weapons will blindness.

In the domestic capital markets, be more concerned about the development of rare earth elements and energy-saving hybrid vehicles are interlocking.

And other new materials, like the bottleneck problem faced by the current development of domestic rare earth faces two major problems, one lower grade of products, irrational industrial structure; Second, marketing is not wide enough, not enough widespread application of rare earth products, which are in need of technical progress to give support. "Planning" also mentioned the need to increase R & D investment, focusing on new materials R & D investment accounted for 5% of sales revenue, and built a number of new materials engineering and technology research and development and public service platform.


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Because excessive rare earth content of tea, but no such standards abroad to purchase foreign investment in China has brought doubts.

Associated British Foods Group Greater China general manager Su Zhijie recently in an interview with reporters said that due to excessive pesticide residues, lack of traceability system and other issues, the company last year, the world's largest tea-producing countries - China's purchasing volume is less than the amount of its global sourcing 20%, the high cost of procurement lead in China in its 300 years of history, which owns Twinings tea companies profit contribution rate is still less than 1%. In addition, rare limited edition is the standard set by China, China's tea enterprises can not.

Pesticide testing standards with international standards not only hinder multinational companies in China to carry out large-scale procurement, and also restricting the bulk of China's exports of tea from low-end to high-end raw tea transformation. This is also the last year, China's tea exports minus 2.82 percent of the important reasons.

Only China has a rare earth limits

By the end of July, Jiangsu Province Quality Supervision Bureau informed the second quarter of this year, the provincial quality supervision and inspection results, seven high tea brand tea Rare Limited (the total amount of rare earth oxides) project failed. October 2005, our country abolished GB9676 "tea health standards," tea health standards into GB2762-2005 "of contaminants in foods," management areas. According to GB2762-2005 "of contaminants in foods" provides a rare earth content is 2mg/kg, rare earth content in tea that is not more than two millionths.

The standard limit on earth, so that foreign investors who feel a bit strange, because this standard only in China, the EU, Japan and the United States and other major powers had no tea this standard. But they are on this issue very seriously.

"Chinese standards set by their own tea enterprises can not do." Su Zhijie said he first heard about the tea contains rare earth, do not understand how it is, then I find that it is the process of tea cultivation in China naturally occurring The.

Standard problems, but also become a Chinese tea enterprises export bottlenecks.

About Rare limited problems, more than one person in charge of tea enterprises, told reporters that not eating tea and tea leaves, tea is the content of rare earth rare earth containing tea leaves, not a tea containing rare earths.

Previously, according to the China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Hangzhou Tea Research Institute, National Tea Quality Supervision and Inspection Center jointly launched the process of brewing tea REE leaching studies show that through brewing, tea rare earth elements (the total amount of the oxide ) The total leaching rate of less than 20%, according to the Alzheimer's Association International (ADI) reference value, the current level of rare earth content of tea samples in the brewing process, are not enough to cause food security issues.

Currently, the limits are still rare tea controversy. And because no relevant foreign standards, making the bulk purchase of Chinese multinationals can not rush tea.


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Currently praseodymium neodymium rare earth market loose, dysprosium prices continue to fall, europium, terbium market prices stable, some businesses suspend shipments. After investigation, many market participants remained positive trend of late bullish attitude.

Praseodymium neodymium metal market, there are vendors that the current market price is slightly down point, but modest, currently with ticket market praseodymium neodymium metal 460,000 yuan / ton, with no ticket is 390,000 yuan / ton, oxidized praseodymium neodymium market with ticket prices 36-36.5 yuan / ton, with no votes 305,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium products market, the current price of dysprosium oxide and dysprosium iron were significantly decreased, dysprosium oxide with ticket prices 215-220 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron with votes 220-225 yuan / ton. Insiders now suggest that prices have dropped, but still optimistic about 9,10 rare earth prices will rebound to continue rising. Current policies more significant impact on market prices and market consolidation period, suppliers may be slightly tightened supply.

Eu Tb market prices relatively stable, there are manufacturers that the advance does not appear terbium oxide, the market outlook is bullish. Big gap between the market price of europium oxide, manufacturers have said that with a ticket price of 5.1 million yuan / ton, month short term will not cut prices to sell. Meanwhile, the Shanghai and Ganzhou insiders indicate there are currently europium oxide with votes 470,480 yuan / ton about the price.

Magnetic scrap market, the current market price is relatively stable, according to market participants reflected on the small retail investors who are bullish bearish situation. Current market price recovery in the short strips mainstream 102-106 yuan / kg, long 114-118 yuan / kg, tiles 134-138 yuan / kg. Market price movements are not the same, or reported steady tone of both, but also reflects the larger traders, manufacturers are now receiving prices fell slightly in the case that this week the market price recovery is unlikely. At market prices of raw materials situation, scrap magnetic fluctuations in the market price will remain, but will not appear temporarily spike situation.


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August 28: RE market continues steady, cautious downstream procurement, demand more light, the plant still says little spot and held firm quotes, traders appropriate to take the goods. Concentrated market wait and see attitude, waiting Shouchu details announced.
 
Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 550,000-560,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 350,000-370,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 220-240 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 220-240 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 27,000-29,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 28,000-29,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 360,000-370,000 yuan / ton, praseodymium neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 460,000-470,000 yuan / ton.

Europium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,900-5,100 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,300-4,500 yuan / kg.


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Reporters from the just-concluded "the Seventh International Symposium on Rare Earth Development and Application of the second session of China Rare Earth Summit" has learned that concern RE litigation may result in the formation before the end of this year. From the Chinese Rare Earth Society and the Chinese Society of Rare Earths stakeholders have indicated a greater chance of losing China, Chinese rare earth export policy faces major changes.

"Unsuccessful outcome is Chinese rare earth quotas cancellation policy, open the supply of rare earths, the government can not constrain the export business behavior." One has been involved in the matter experts told reporters that the past experience shows that companies competing prices is inevitable.

Meanwhile, the uncontrolled expansion of domestic production capacity of rare earth, rare earth application of collective weakness, so this has been widely favored industry in recession, the industry had been high hopes for the domestic market is also a two-year price "roller coaster" gradually shrinking .

Go to the quota of?

In the August 11 meeting of Ganzhou Rare Earth, in addition to industry analysis, how to control excess capacity to become one of the most important issues, the background is still kept in secret rare earth litigation. In 2009 the EU was first proposed lifting of the rare metal products requires China's export quota system; 2010 United States, Mexico and other countries WTO ED also submitted memorandum demanding that the Chinese rare earth export quota system canceled; 2012 U.S., EU official in the WTO China's rare earth export quota system proceedings.


It is understood, Ganzhou Rare Earth conference shortly before the Chinese Society of Rare Earths relevant agencies should be required to provide to the WTO once material. Experts said that the elimination of export quotas for the possible impact, has begun to assess the worst case back to the old way, foreign companies took orders to the domestic enterprises to seek to find a quote, attracted companies competing underselling, "rare earths Prices may have to return to 'cabbage price'. "

China Rare Earth Association Deputy Secretary-General Chen Zhanheng said, now is oversupply, the annual quota of 30,000 tons, the actual sales 10,000 tons, it is in terms of supply and demand will be no major changes, "if the elimination of quotas, tariffs have come down smuggling does not make sense. "

One can not ignore the background, the current domestic rare earth separation smelting capacity has been severely surplus. Ganzhou Rare Earth Group Qiandong Gong Bin, chairman and managing director, told reporters that the current separation of the South ionic rare earth smelting capacity has exceeded 100,000 tons, and as the boss of the Southern Rare Earth Jiangxi in 2013 the first batch of 3,950 tons production target .

"We have a plant capacity is twenty-three one hundred tons, but give only a few dozen tons of indicators, there is enough to eat." An isolated enterprises in Jiangxi official told reporters, "hungry" is a universal phenomenon, very hungry will buy the black ore, "Now is not strict practiced invoices, black mine a lot, so much could not have been separated smelting capacity idle."

According to the China Rare Earth Industry Association, introduced the Secretary-General Ma Rongzhang Southern separated ion ore smelting enterprises to obtain more than 70% of unknown origin. According to statistics, China's rare earth more than 200,000 tons, the actual annual production capacity of 15 to 18 million tons, while the actual global annual demand of 13 million tons, China's demand of about 100,000 tons.

Chinese Society of Rare Earths expert who requested anonymity told reporters that although the pattern of rare earth supply diversification trends are becoming evident, "but if the abolition of quotas and tariffs, China rare earth prices will plummet, topple other countries may again rare earth production line. "

A year ago, the reporter had learned that national administrations organize expert-level discussions, assessment of rare earth export quotas after the abolition of the impact of policy, in the long term rare earth export quotas is the general direction, but the premise is to make domestic production order straightened out, to avoid confusion after the opening.

Bin Gong that rare earth production capacity from the south point of view, the central enterprises and local state-owned holding separate production capacity has reached 78.5 percent, close to the national requirements of large enterprise groups control 80 percent of the south separating capacity requirements.

"But now the 80% is an enlarged version, is not consistent with the original intention of the State Council, if the unlimited expansion of production capacity, control useless, is a waste." The expert said.

Officials from the Ministry of Commerce, said the earth is still kept in secret proceedings, can not be made public. However, the officials said, to solve the rare earth export problems of excess capacity and not simply expect the government's policy, the industry itself needs discipline.

Industry "recession"

According to China Rare Earth Industry Association statistics, in 2012 the output of these three were Applied Materials fell significantly, magnetic yield 78,000 tons, 04,500 tons luminescent materials, hydrogen storage materials, 08,200 tons, down 11.9%, respectively, 43.8% 34.4%, while in the field of non-mainstream applications catalyst "slightly."

China Rare Earth Industry Association of rare earth price index compiled by the December 2012 of 234.1 points down to 3 July 2013 of 153.8 points, down 52.2%, then rebounded to 5 August, up 19.6%.

However, Ma Rongzhang still said that despite the recent praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, dysprosium, europium prices rise up to 100%, but can not make up the shrinking market.

Beijing Nonferrous Metal Research Institute Zhuang Weidong rare earth luminescent materials expert, told reporters that now, in addition to downstream applications of rare earth magnetic material relative prosperity, the light-emitting materials, hydrogen storage materials are very depressed, "LED light-emitting material by a big impact, lithium hydrogen storage materials are facing the squeeze. "Zhuang Weidong said, LED and lithium battery industry growth rate than originally predicted to be fast.

However, the relative prosperity of the magnetic field is currently facing Japan's patented extrusion. Japan's Hitachi Metals official website announced that its global total of more than 600 applications NdFeB, where more than 100 applications in the United States, in China in the year 2000 did not start the application to be published recently by some media quoted insiders as saying up to 320 more. The Hitachi Metals announced this year in addition to already authorized Zhong Ke San Huan, Ningbo Yunsheng, Beijing Beijing and magnetic eight enterprises, no longer licensed to other Chinese enterprises. 2012 Hitachi Metals has been requested in the United States on Chinese enterprises, "337", the final Chinese enterprises to pay to obtain patents pending.

It is reported by patents squeeze some Chinese companies are organized resistance, more than a dozen medium-sized rare earth neodymium formed a business alliance companies, each contributed $ 1.5 million to prepare the United States to prosecute Hitachi Metals.

Ma Rongzhang in Ganzhou Rare proposed to open up new fields of application, such as Chinese surplus every year 30,000 to 50,000 tons of lanthanum, cerium rare earth, rare earth catalyst, if the market is likely to open, you can partially digested these surplus products.

But from Japan Hirosaki University Faculty of Humanities, Professor Dr. Huang Xiaochun pointed out that from the 1970s to date, there have been no applications of rare earth revolutionary technological breakthrough, which reduces the explosive growth in demand for rare earth application possibilities, he believes now overseas Rare weak demand, partly because rare earth prices curbed demand, on the other hand is also a technical bottleneck caused by natural decrease.


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