1. Rest Rivet bar on inserted rivet and try to locate its point of balance.

2.With gun set in place, use rivet bar to push rivet (and gun assembly) outward. Rivet bar will then register at right angles to the rivet as it comes to rest on the aluminium.

3.Push rivet back into place with gun set and reposition rivet bar, if necessary, to maintain its point of balance on the rivet. (repeat steps 2 and 3 until point of balance is determined). Often the index finger can be placed on the back of the rivet bar directly opposite the rivet tail. It then becomes the 'sensor' for correct bar position.

4.Pressure is held on gun while riveting. Rivet bar is held with only moderate force (otherwise rivet may be set with head proud of surface). A rubber grommet may be used over the rivet tail to assist in squeezing parts together during riveting. It acts as a 'pressure plate'.

5.Duration of riveting is determined by experimentation with a test piece or previous experience.


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 A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before it is installed it consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the buck-tail. On installation the rivet is placed in a pre-drilled hole. Then the tail is "upset" (i.e. deformed) so that it expands to about 1.5 times the original shaft diameter and holds the rivet in place. To distinguish between the two ends of the rivet, the original head is called the factory head and the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.

Because there is effectively a head on each end of an installed rivet it can support tension loads (loads parallel to the axis of the shaft); however, it is much more capable of supporting shear loads (loads perpendicular to the axis of the shaft). Bolts and screws are better suited for tension applications.

Fastenings used in traditional wooden boat building like copper nails and clinch bolts work on the principle of the rivet, but they were in use long before the term rivet was invented, and where they are remembered, are usually classified among the nails and bolts respectively.


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Nowadays, Tungsten gold substitution is increasingly used in some field relevant to gold substitution or platinum substitution, such as: tungsten alloy jewelry, e.g.Tungsten Gold-plated ring, Tungsten Gold-plated ear ring,Tungsten Gold-plated necklace, Tungsten Gold-plated wrist chain, etc. Also, Tungsten gold substitution is widely adopted in making souvenir coins, such as memorial crown and other application such as tungsten gold substitution watch band.

Since tungsten alloy jewelry bears a special property of longevity and high durability, when tungsten alloyis utilized to make jewelry, tungsten alloy jewelry always implicate the love between lovers or couple could be everlasting.

Its hardness makes it ideal for rings that will resist scratching, are hypoallergenic, and tungsten alloy jewelry will not need polishing. tungsten alloy jewelry is especially useful in designs with a brushed finish.


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In theory, as density is 19.1g/cm3, which is approximately 70% denser than lead, uranium could be used as material of making fake coin.

However, tungsten alloy jewelry is weakly radioactive and not as dense as gold, but usually works as gold substitution, so it does not appear to be a practical method.

Then people have discovered that tungsten is environmental-friendly, durable and hardness, the most important is that its density of 19.25g/cm3 is just about the same density as gold (19.3g/cm3), which bears the similar specific gravity. These advantages make tungsten alloy jewelry enjoys the superiority to be the best substitute for the costly metal oftungsten alloy jewelry gold or platinum.

It is necessary to tell that tungsten gold-plated would not work for several reasons but a coin with a tungsten center and gold all around tungsten alloy jewelry could not be detected as counterfeit by density measurement alone.


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Before welding techniques and bolted joints were developed, metal framed buildings and structures such as the Eiffel Tower, Shukhov Tower and the Sydney Harbor Bridge were generally held together by riveting. Also automobile chassis were riveted. Riveting is still widely used in applications where light weight and high strength are critical, such as in an aircraft. Many sheet-metal alloys are preferably not welded as deformation and modification of material properties can occur. Common but more exotic uses of rivets are to reinforce jeans and to produce the distinctive sound of a sizzle cymbal.

When the rivet is cherry red, place the cavity of the air tool over the end of the rivet and turn on the tool. This works great and is much quicker than a bucking bar. If necessary you can heat and re do with the air tool. The finished job should look like the factory rivets or better and should be stronger than if the assembly were bolted together. This is not the easiest project in restoring an automobile but can be mastered with patience and common sense.


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Tungsten is a rare metal, is also an important strategic material, and in ancient times was known as the "tungsten heavy alloy". 1783 Spanish named Deep Air Asia. The tungsten content in the earth's crust is 0.001%. There are about 20 minerals containing tungsten found until now. Tungsten deposits in general along with the activity and the formation of granitic magma. After smelting tungsten is silver-white lustrous and hard metal with high melting point.

Tungsten, also known as Wolfram, lapis ponderosas or heavy stone, has highest melting point of all elements except carbon - sources in scientific literature vary between 3387°C and 3422°C. Tungsten heavy alloy also has also excellent high temperature mechanical properties and the lowest expansion coefficient of all metals. A temperature of about 5700°C is needed to bring tungsten to boil which corresponds approximately to the temperature of the sun's surface. With a density of 19.25 g/cm3, tungsten is also among the heaviest metals. Its electrical conductivity at 0°C is about 28% of that of silver which itself has the highest conductivity of all metals.

The metal is known as tungsten in some countries and as wolfram in others, including Sweden, the country of origin of the name tungsten. The chemical symbol W, which is universally used to denote tungsten, suggests that wolfram was formerly the more generally accepted name for the element. In Britain, the mineral wolframite is also known as wolfram.

Since 1912, Tungsten heavy alloy (the element or, perhaps, an uncle) has been widely used to make the most essential part of any light bulb–the filament. Bumpers have tungsten heavy alloy with tungsten content of 3000 to 6000 one hundred watt light bulbs, depending on model and configuration.

During World War II, tungsten played a significant role in background political dealings. Portugal, as the main European source of the element, was put under pressure from both sides, because of its deposits of wolframite ore at Panasqueira. Tungsten's resistance to high temperatures and its strengthening of alloys made it an important raw material for the arms industry.


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1. Small volume

High density make tungsten alloy fishing sinkers/weights smaller than the conventional lead fishing weights. It will be hung up far less with a tungsten sinker than with a lead sinker because of its smaller size.

2. Hard

It's harder than lead fishing weight. It will not be stuck in the jowl of the fish. So the shape will be maintained longer.

3. Strong wind resistance

As the high density of tungsten, the tungsten alloy fishing sinker makes your fishing easier. It is extremely sensitive and can actually help you “feel” what the bottom is made of and what your bait is bumping into, such as brush, rocks, mud, etc.

Tungsten fishing weights/eyes are an ideal, environment-friendly alternative to lead weights, which are toxic and increasingly being labeled an environmental hazard.


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A fishing sinker or plummet is a weight used to force a lure or bait to increase its rate of sink, anchoring ability, and/or casting distance. Tungsten alloy fishing sinker may be as small as 1/32 of an ounce for applications in shallow water, even smaller for fly fishing applications, or as large as several pounds or considerably more for deep sea fishing. Fishing sinker are formed into nearly innumerable shapes for diverse fishing applications. Environmental concerns surround the usage of most fishing sinker materials.

A fishing jig is a type of fishing lure that usually consisting of a lead sinker with a hook molded into it and usually covered by a soft body to attract fish. However, recently, tungsten fishing jig is becoming more and more popular among angles because it has the features of high density, small volume, and environmental friendly, and has been taking place of the lead sinker. Fishing Jig are intended to create a jerky, vertical motion, as opposed to spinnerbaits which move through the water horizontally. Fishing jig is very versatile and can be used in both salt water as well as fresh water. Many species are attracted to the lure which has made it popular amongst anglers for years.


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Bucking bar is a work tool received behind work surfaces to provide a backing member in applying impact fasteners and including intermitted toolhead and handle parts with a low-recoil impact-absorbing spacer provided there between to take shock loads in compression and shear.

Bucking bars are used on the backside of a metal rivet to counter the force of the hammering on the other side. They also can be used to absorb the force of rivet guns, reducing the vibration of bucking.

Bucking bars used to form bucktails on rivets. And come in many different shapes and sizes. They are normally made from an alloy steel similar to tool steel. The particular shape to be used depends upon the location and accessibility of the rivet to be driven.

The size and weight of the bar depend on the size and alloy of the rivet to be driven. Under certain circumstances, and for specific rivet installations, specially designed bucking bars are manufactured locally.

Bucking bars are normally made from tungsten heavy alloy. All edges are deburred and working surfaces are polished for troubles-free use. This helps to prevent marring of formed bucktails. Please notice that never hold a bucking bar in a vise unless the vise jaws are equipped with protective covers to prevent marring of the bucking bar.



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High density tungsten alloy is more and more used in the military defense parts production, such as bullets, armor and artillery shells, bombs, grenades, titles,shotgun bullets, bullet proof car, tank armor, guns, guns and national defense etc..The main purpose of tungsten alloy penetrators in kinetic energy is, depleted uranium(DU) calculation in direct competition.

A significant mass of tungsten has been used for the production of military trainingfacilities, as an alternative to the use of lead shot 5.56 mm ammunition. Tungstenquality, for a fixed target / fixed firing position has produced the desired soil containingtungsten concentration%, in addition to the traditional lead.

Properties of tungsten alloy

Two times the density of tungsten alloy having a melting point and steel high, heavier than lead more than 50%. High density tungsten alloy than lead with greater radiation shielding and non-toxic. Tungsten alloy contribute to electrical and thermal conductivity, and good corrosion resistance. Their low expansion coefficient, highelastic modulus. Because of these unique properties of tungsten alloys are widelyused in military, balance weight, alloy rocket assembly and bullets and other heavy metals, especially the weight of aircraft and offset the gyrocompass.

Heavy metal insert is used as the core military pellet quality is high, so the tungsten alloy are widely used in military defense.

Military tungsten alloy

Powder metallurgy (P / M) military, extended from the traditional media and sintering liquid phase sintered tungsten alloy (WHA) by powder injection molding (PIM>). The navy has hired them to the third phalanx close in weapon system (CIWS) the great advantage of the world health assembly. The army intends to research will lead totungsten alloy or composite materials, as a long rod penetrator, will perform as well as, or better than, the depleted uranium (DU) penetrator. Tungsten alloy WHAs) is the best choice, is the ideal material for national defence industry, it combines the highdensity, mechanical strength, good and easy processing performance, tungsten alloy is an important material in military defense.


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