China's first rare earth products exchange opens

China's first rare earth products exchange opened  in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region after a three-month trial.
 
The Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange is expected to regulate the country's rare earth market, improve the way prices are formed and promote development of the industry, said Jia Yinsong, a Ministry of Industry and Information Technology official.
 
The exchange will introduce three spot transaction modes, namely price bidding, listed trading and real-time trading online, with more than 10 trading items including cerium oxide, praseodymium-neodymium oxide, and europium oxide.
 
Located in Baotou City, the exchange was initiated by Baotou Steel Rare Earth (Group) Hi-Tech Co., China's leading rare earth producer, and another 11 firms and institutions with a registered capital of 120 million yuan (19.32 million U. S. dollars).
 
China is the world's largest rare earth producer and exporter, accounting for more than 90 percent of the world's supply. However, the country lacks pricing power in the global market and wild price swings of resources have had a negative effect on Chinese producers.
 
The exchange will help integrate resources during their circulation in China and gradually regulate the trading and pricing of them, said Zhang Zhong, general manager of Baotou Steel Rare Earth Hi-Tech Co..
 
Zhang said the exchange will improve transparency of the market and help China to secure a bigger say in the pricing of rare earth products to stabilize the market.
 
Rare earth metals are vital for manufacturing high-tech products ranging from smartphones and wind turbines to electric car batteries and missiles.
 
 
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China's rare earth policy accords with WTO rules, experts

Chinese experts have regreted a WTO ruling against China's rare earth export policies, while calling for consolidation in the highly polluting sector.
 
The World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled on Wednesday that China's export duty, export quotas, and export quota administration and allocation measures imposed on rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum products were inconsistent with WTO rules and China's Accession Protocol.
 
Under WTO rules, China can make an appeal within 60 days and the final ruling will come in three to four months.
 
Mei Xinyu, a foreign trade expert at the Ministry of Commerce, said China's restriction on rare earth exports is designed to conserve resources and protect the environment, and it is in line with WTO rules and China's own situation.
 
China is the world's largest rare earths supplier, serving around 90 percent of the world's demand for rare earths, a group of 17 elements that are widely used in high-tech products ranging from flat-screen TVs to lasers and hybrid cars.
 
However, the country holds only 23 percent of the world's rare earth reserves. For decades, excessive exploitation, antiquated mining technologies and lax environmental standards have taxed the country's environment.
 
In some towns in east China's Jiangxi province, where reserves of precious ion-absorbed-type rare earths abound, exploitation since the late 1980s has not only destroyed local landscapes, but also poisoned streams and crops.
 
Li Yang, with the China Institute for WTO Studies at the University of International Business and Economics, urged WTO personnel to take field trips to China and learn about the real situation.
 
Then they will understand that the Chinese government is limiting rare earth production and consumption for the environment's sake, said Li.
 
As a matter of fact, most nations with rare earth deposits, including the United States, closed their own mines decades ago as rare-earth mining and processing is notoriously devastating to the environment.
 
Besides export quotas, China has implemented policies including output caps, stricter emissions standards and high resource taxes to curb environmental degradation and protect the resources.
 
Now, as the country may have to scrap its export measures, the experts believe the country should put more weight on alternative measures to better manage rare earth production.
 
Feng Jun, an analyst from the Shanghai WTO Affairs Consultation Center, said China should raise resource taxes to increase the cost of mining. What's more, higher emissions standards will force substandard companies to close.
 
Mei Xinyu added that China should speed up the consolidation push in the sector to upgrade the industry and crack down on illegal mining.
 
 
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Chinese in WTO rare earth appeal against the final

According to BBC8 7 June 2007, the World Trade Organization WTO Thursday (7 days) award, Chinese is American, European Union and Japan complaints China restrictions on exports of rare earths appeal case lost.

WTO this award, China did not show a series of quota restrictions on rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum export it adopted is reasonable.

Rare earth is an important component of modern science and technology of national defense industrial production and manufacture products including iPhone, disk drive and a wind turbine included.
.

China produces the whole world over 90% of the total rare earths, but from 2010 onwards, China announced restrictions on exports of rare earth metals, and said the move was to reduce pollution and protection of rare earth resources.

Restrictions on exports of rare earths in Chinese, international rare earth prices jumped by several hundred percent.

American, EU and Japan, the complaint said, quota restrictions for China Company to take advantage of the hybrid car batteries, wind turbines and energy-saving lighting products such as the production competition.

Widely expected, Chinese will lose the WTO re appeal, because after Chinese already in a similar case in the losing of export commodities.

Now Chinese by WTO award constraints, will have to cancel the tungsten, molybdenum and rare earth export quotas.

Chinese had argued that, on rare earth, tungsten and molybdenum export quotas, is to prevent excessive exploitation, this policy is an important part of the sustainable development of China.

China commerce ministry said in a statement, Chinese will carefully assess the ruling, continue to improve the consumption of resources product management, in accordance with WTO consistent way, promoting the protection of natural resources, maintain fair competition and to realize sustainable development.


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WTO ruled illegal Chinese rare earth exports accelerated group layout

After a preliminary report released in the first half, Geneva August 7th, the World Trade Organization (WTO) released the report on the United States and the European Union, Japan v. China rare earth, tungsten and molybdenum products export control measures and appellate body. The report is the final report.

The report for March this year the expert group preliminary determination results, that China's export restrictions on rare earth, tungsten and molybdenum in violation of WTO rules. WTO support for the EU, the United States and Japan claim that China's export tariffs and quotas failed to environmental or conservation reasons to prove its rationality.

Read more: WTO ruled illegal Chinese rare earth exports accelerated group layout

Shenzhen Customs seized the rare earth smuggling cases

Shenzhen Huanggang customs in the brigade exit small lane seized carriage carrying 210 kg of precious rare earth neodymium alloy “ ” exit case. This is the stage for the first time in recent years in the brigade seized the rare earth smuggling exit channel case. On the same day, officers in an exit four barrels of silver white blocky metal articles, found the car compartment after identification, “ &rdquo, nd alloy; neodymium amounted to 83.8%, a total of 210 kg.

According to an account on the passenger car, the neodymium alloy is entrusted by the people to carry out, she received a few hundred dollars with the fee.

At present, the case has been handed over to the customs anti smuggling department for further processing.

It is understood, is one of the most active neodymium rare earth metals, can quickly become dark, the generation of oxide in the air; in cold water in the hot water slow reaction, quick reaction. Neodymium by virtue of its unique position in the field of rare earth in, years become the focus of attention of the market. The largest user of neodymium metal is known as the &ldquo king ” permanent magnet; NdFeB permanent magnetic material, for its excellent performance is widely used in electronics, machinery and other industries. Nd should also be used for non-ferrous metal materials, adding 1.5-2.5% neodymium in the magnesium or aluminum alloy, can improve the high temperature properties of the alloy, air tightness and corrosion resistance, widely used in aerospace materials.

Huanggang Customs responsible person, in order to protect the rare earth this precious and rare strategic mineral resources, China implemented mandatory planning for the production of rare earth, rare earth exports and the implementation of strict limits. Because the domestic prices of rare earths and abroad there is a certain price difference, some lawless elements to try various devices to use the entrainment, hiding methods such as smuggling rare earth exit earn illegal interests.

Huanggang Customs said will continue to maintain a heavy combat smuggling of rare earth. One is to increase the business training, to deepen the understanding of rare earth materials exist physical, chemical characteristics, improve the sensitivity and effectiveness of re regulation; two is strengthened the inspection, to re shape goods exports to focus on inspection, and ordered samples; three is to strengthen the publicity, strengthen the rare earth resources regulation of inbound and outbound articles propaganda, improve the management relative person's law-abiding consciousness.


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