October 26, 2013 , has been a year and a half Chinese rare earth international litigation outgoing messages. Allegedly , WTO dispute settlement mechanism to complete panel ruled that the interim report , supports the United States , Japan and the EU against Chinese rare earth export restrictions policy violations aspirations.

To 23% of the world's rare earth resources, bear more than 90% of the market supply. As part of the national strategy of rare earth resources and serious pollution , China's rare earth export controls . 1998 , the Chinese government began to implement rare earth export quota license system, and the rare earth materials included in the processing trade ban catalog , which is to combat the smuggling of black chaos , prompting valuable rare earth prices return should play an important role . Currently on the market are worried that once the export quota was canceled , the customer's inquiry will increase the range of options , while the price negotiation space will become larger, rare earth prices will again appear "cabbage price ."

But Zhai Kun that rare defeat international litigation may not be entirely bad news , or Forced China's rare earth industry, governance and development policies to further deepen the reform . Over the past 20 years , China's rare earth policies and governance measures are maturing . By 2010 , China adopted a " blocking" based " administrative order " to control rare earth mining , smelting and export side, trying to "block " approach to tightening of raw material extraction and processing ends . 2011-2012 , the establishment of the whole industry chain rectify institutional and governance mechanisms to control production from a simple , limited exports gradually transferred to " administrative, marketing both " situation. Increase the establishment of rare earth rare earth reserve system to carry out special rectification invoice mining rights and other administrative measures ; same time, through mergers and acquisitions, establishing a large group of rare earth , and ultimately through corporate self-discipline to achieve rare earth prices and the industry's healthy development . Since 2013 , China's rare earth governance mechanisms to further deepen and increase the strength and hitting the downstream application support , so combining guidance ; put forward the " severity are different, focus on the protection of heavy rare earths ," the pragmatic thinking .

CSC Economic Consulting released the " 2013-2015 China rare earth industry investment analysis and trend forecasting reports " that the earth is the world's strategic resources , is an important support for the development of new industries , our country should be in the rare earth mining , processing, use, etc. to strengthen international cooperation. First, with other countries to carry out rare earth mining and processing of environmental technology cooperation to improve the utilization efficiency of rare earth resources ; second is to keep the world from the perspective of market stability , the other countries with rare earth resources to allow the domestic development , shared responsibility for the global supply of rare earth ; third is to strengthen the recovery and recycling of rare earth , rare earth in the development of alternative sources of international cooperation .

CSC economic consulting , research director Zhou Rui pointed out that China's rare earth industry due to loss of control due to excess capacity, has a profound impact on the downstream industry . The solution to the problem of excess production capacity of rare earth , in addition to strengthening the industry, the key lies in the downstream processing of rare earth industry to accelerate the upgrading through technology research and development, build high- value-added chain backend .


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November 4 , Ganzhou Rare Earth Mining Co., Ltd. integrated rare earth mine ( a ) the project EIA report for the Ministry of Environmental Protection approved . This means discontinued two years Ganzhou Rare Earth Mining is expected to re- mined.

Ganzhou Rare Earth integration behind means that the state following the action before the special system , once again increased the remediation efforts for the rare earth industry .

China 's rare earth reserves have accounted for 71.1% of the world , but in 2012 the State Council Information Office published "China's rare earth conditions and policy," White Paper , China's rare earth reserves accounted for approximately 23% of the world's total reserves .

From 71.1% to 23 %, reflecting not only the domestic rare earth production industry chaos and disorder , also has a rare earth backend chain lacking. How to make rare earth separation and the healthy development of downstream industries , is still a thought-provoking questions .

Management control
In 1998, the Chinese government began to implement rare earth export quota license system, and the inclusion of rare earth materials processing trade ban catalog . In 2006, China implemented the total rare earth mining control and management . In 2008, the state promulgated the "National Mineral Resource Planning ", on the rare earth and other specified minerals of which protective mining implementation planning control to limit exploitation, strict access and utilization .

But a series of policies, still can not stop domestic rare earth production industry confusion. Data show that the annual export and smuggling of rare earth disguised about 20,000 ~ 30,000 tons . According to the Ministry of Industry and the relevant responsible person, foreign customs statistics, in 2011 the amount of rare earth imports from China over the Chinese customs statistics, exports up 1.2 times.

Baotou Rare Earth materials in a responsible person briefed reporters , a large number of undocumented , low-cost rare earth products flooding the market , disrupting normal trading order rare earth market , seriously affecting the survival of informal enterprises , even a threat to the safety of the rare earth industry .

Why is it so rare earth industry mess ? China Rare Earth Industry Association, an unnamed expert to the "China Science News" describes the key lies in the lax management of rare earth mineral development , " for example, why the farmer can easily mined ? Why do some officials are also involved in mining ? Ultimately, whether the relevant departments according to the management of rare earth production is the key . "

China Rare Earth Industry Association Deputy Secretary-General Chen Zhanheng stressed to reporters , the illegal exploitation of rare earth industry for many years , production, exports there has been a chain of black interests .


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Over the past few years, China 's rare earth export quotas issued annually generally used up , Japan, the European Union, the United States and other major imports for China but for the abolition of quotas sued China to the WTO . Some foreign media by the end of October in China will disclose an adverse WTO ruling. According to authoritative sources , China Rare Earth Industry Association has begun with the relevant departments to communicate and to discuss countermeasures.

Widely believed that China rare earth quota system might be canceled , but a Beijing retired officials of the China Securities Journal reporter , said rare earth export quota system was abolished or not does not affect the import and export trade , China is trying to rectify the past few years rare earth mine order and governance environment issues remain modest reduction in the next 2-3 years production, exports , and in the international market so that a certain share.

Insiders pointed out that rare earth behind the U.S. , Japan and Europe lawsuit "encirclement and suppression " suppressing China rare earth prices ambitions , China should strengthen the rare earth mining , production, exports and other aspects management, standardize the market order , in order to " counter- encirclement & rdquo ; .

Export quotas sparked controversy

Rare is the strategic resource, which is 17 kinds of chemical elements collectively , used for wind turbines , fluorescent , iPhone, military radar systems and other products . China has accounted for 23 percent of the world's rare earth reserves bear more than 90% of the world market supply , it also brings a resource over-exploitation , environmental destruction and other outstanding issues .

The last century with cheap Chinese rare earth exchange for foreign exchange and market dominance . In recent years, China has begun to rectify the order of rare earth mine , the development of industry access policies to promote integration of rare earth industry , a series of control measures introduced, along with the capital speculation rare earth prices rose rapidly, the U.S. , Japan and Europe also caused dissatisfaction . Metal neodymium , for example, the first half of 2011, prices rose nearly six -fold.

March 13, 2012 , the United States , European Union, Japan, restrictions on Chinese rare earths , tungsten, molybdenum exports, to WT0 proceedings, whose main object is the rare earths. 1998 China began to implement rare earth export quota licensing system. According to incomplete statistics , in the past many years has resulted in numerous export quota remaining to 2011, for example , the annual export quota ( 30,184 tons ) using only about 60%.

Industry insiders said that in addition to inhibiting demand for rare earth rare earth prices , the user has enough foreign reserves , the United States began production occupies part of the international market , as well as smuggling is also very important.

" rare earth export quota system is in line with the production plan , a measure of mining plans , at least for now, did not affect the development of rare earth export quotas to foreign markets. "These retired officials told China Securities Journal reporter , some companies still use up rare earth export quotas reflect , because before the rare earth market situation is not very good . The former officials previously working in the Chinese authorities in charge of the earth .

For official will therefore cancel the quota system , the former officials said , the rare earth export quota system was abolished or not does not affect the import and export trade activities , the relevant departments should proceed from reality , according to the relevant WTO ruling on China to respect international organizations ruling.

"They ( United States and Japan ) to seize the rare earth export quota system to do the article on the grounds that export quotas are not consistent with WTO trade principles . " Jiangxi Rare Earth Society, Vice Secretary-General Meng Qingjiang said.

The industry believes that China may be adjusted after the end of the proceedings rather than cancel the rare earth export quota system. By the end of 2011 , the Chinese Ministry of rare earth export quota system has been modified , the modified system according to manufacturer's environmental compliance status of quota allocation , in addition to the quota were classified into light rare earth quotas and heavy rare earth quotas .

In October , Guangzhou held a rare meeting, China Rare Earth Industry Association vice president Wang Qin said in public , cancel the first rare earth export quota management recommendations lighter rare earth began to consider . The association was founded in April 2012 , is responsible for assisting the Government in formulating relevant policies and development plans of rare earth industry .

However, rare earth export restrictions violate WTO rules quite controversial. Some experts believe that , according to the relevant WTO provisions , in order to protect resources and the environment to achieve legitimate policy objectives , Member States may take the necessary restrictive measures, including export restrictions .

Export policy to be adjusted

Speaking of rare earth, people used to think it scarce , but actually not rare earth . According to the Ministry of Land and 2009 census, China's rare earth reserves of 18,591,000 tons basis , accounting for 23% of the world . U.S. rare earth reserves of about 13 million tons , but had been closed for many years rare earth plant , dependence on imported Chinese rare earths.

"rare earth not thin , reserves 17 elements together , even higher than some of the copper content . " Jiangxi Rare Earth a PhD told the China Securities Journal reporter , relatively speaking, the heavy rare earths ( such as dysprosium, terbium and other elements ) lighter rare earths ( such as praseodymium , neodymium and other elements ) is more scarce. Data show that in 2011 China exported a total of 17,279 tons of rare earth oxides , 2012 was 16,265 tons .

Mengqing Jiang also said that Chinese exports of rare earth products , but the amount should be liberalized, especially deep- processed products which can be exported , rare earth now controls ( so strict ) , is built on the concept of China's rare earth resources are scarce , and in fact this concept is wrong " from the point of view throughout the proportion of exports of rare earth industry , exports accounted for a very small proportion of production volume , most of the domestic production of digestion ."

It is understood that China 's rare earth exports, mainly from the 1970s . Before 1990 , the entire earth international market in the USA, Europe, Russia monopolized by the early 1990s , with the export release , a large number of companies began to engage in rare earth export trade, export competition is one of the consequences of European countries rare earth uncompetitive , China became the international rare earth market, " boss ." End of 2011, China rare earth supply more than 90% of world demand .

" ( in the past ) is not sold " cabbage price " , but some elements of it must sell" cabbage price ", such as lanthanum , cerium LREE , very rich, and heavy rare earth prices are not cheap , nor is it cabbage price . " Meng Qingjiang said.

"Limiting production will lead to Luancailanwa , black market , leading to a waste of resources. " Meng Qingjiang that the priority should be to adjust the export policy, strengthen application of rare earth development and efficient use of rare earth resources , can not be wasted earth .

Previously, some of the rare earth expert bluntly , rare earth export quota system susceptible to corruption , providing benefits "rent-seeking space," even if the heavy rare earth export restrictions the South , you can also use prices , tariffs and other means to regulate the use of export quotas easily seen by other national grabbed "pigtail ."

An official report said China slashed rare earth export quotas , resulting in a large number of rare earth enterprises due to lack of quotas , eager to have a trading company export quota system purchase targets. The report shows that the end of 2010 rare earth export quota system "market price " has reached 120,000 to 170,000 yuan per ton , up more than 200,000 yuan per ton , while the rare earth quotas speculation to some extent pushed up domestic rare earth spreads.

According to the retired officials, along with the United States, Australia and other countries rare earth enterprises resume production , will produce world's rare earth supply pattern changes, but China in the international market dominance still does not change , the next two to three years in other countries rare earth plant is put into production , supply the international market will account for about 30% , such a situation will ease the supply pressure on China .

Rare applied research to be strengthened

Insiders said that China will remain in the rare earth industry consolidation, including environmental and industry consolidation , etc., but compared with the country's strict control measures , rare earth application development gap with foreign countries is not small . Rare 's value lies in its use .

In this regard, Nanchang University of rare earth functional materials with micro-nano research center director Yong-Xiu , said compared with many developed countries , China has a rare application of a wide gap . However , as countries focus on different areas, some areas abroad is not as Chinese , but in many ways such as light-emitting materials , and abroad in the level of equipment is better than China , products of higher quality.

REE applications is very wide , but its use needs to study human development . Yong-Xiu , said the international community has been engaged in rare earth basic research, compared to China , foreign basic research in the application of rare earth a long time, they are not in order to study and research, but in practice , the production process , to find some of the rare earths element's use .

"Our investment in research is also great, but the earth itself and the related application development is closely related to the field of industrial level , if alone in the lab doing research , not a good industrial base and background applications , it is difficult to make achievements . " Yong-Xiu , said good industrial base overseas enterprises, application of rare earth do their own research, and more targeted, research and application in China both somewhat disjointed .


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After 163 days , a range of 20,000 sea miles . November 6 , Chinese research vessel "Ocean VI" of 6000 meters equipped with unmanned untethered submersible " Qianlong One" arrived at the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangzhou Marine Geological wharf , which marks China Ocean 29th voyage of scientific investigation and the China geological Survey Bureau of investigation 's first leg win over the ocean .

5 leg carry out resource , environmental, biological, and other surveys

May 28 this year , "Ocean VI" set sail from Guangzhou , worked in the country for polymetallic nodules in the eastern Pacific area, the Clarion - Crippa Dayton fracture zone (CC area ) , rich country in the western Pacific Plucking mine cobalt crusts in the Pacific basin seamounts and other four areas to carry out resource , environmental, biological and other investigations, including Guangzhou Marine geological Survey , the National Oceanic two , one , Qingdao Institute of marine Geology, 13 research institutes , etc. 95 expedition members to participate in the voyage of scientific investigation . This is the "Ocean VI" Executive Ocean expedition staff rotation most of the time .

The second and third leg Chief Scientist , Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey , said senior engineer Liu Fanglan , China Ocean 29 expedition voyage into three flight segments , in addition to the first and second leg added between China Geological Survey Bureau special investigation of rare earth resources in the ocean leg . In a different segment , "Ocean VI" Plucking seamounts were completed mining resources and the local area detailed exploration , CC District detailed exploration for polymetallic nodules , new resources surveys and on 6000 m unmanned untethered submersible " Qianlong One " application test. At the same time , the synchronization in the investigation area to carry out environmental, biological surveys , especially in the CC area means a wide range of more comprehensive environmental survey . In addition, China Geological Survey Bureau carried out a segment of new rare earth resources in deep-sea exploration work . Expedition team used various means , the system launched a new resource potential in the Pacific and rare earth exploration to further verify its distribution .

July 19, 2013 , the International Seabed Authority approved the " China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association," proposed mining exploration for cobalt-rich crusts 3000 km2 . In this expedition voyage , the expedition team for the first time in our country in the western Pacific crusts exploration prospects means more detailed investigation carried out for the next project crusts resource evaluation and exploration deployment study provides detailed information , and the successful implementation long cycle environmental observation .

Meanwhile, the " Ocean VI" continues in our area to carry out environmental surveys for polymetallic nodules in the contract to fulfill China Ocean Association and the International Seabed Authority signed the " exploration contracts ," and for the first time at the International Seabed Authority, the proposed environment, especially area of concern for multi- tools, multi-disciplinary environmental research . The CC area to carry out a wide range of environmental surveys , carried out water chemistry , microbiology , benthos , plankton, chlorophyll, mainly to environmental baseline studies , multidisciplinary environmental research , and further complements the Contract Area environmental baseline data .

" Qianlong One" applied successfully completed sea trials

The expedition staff voyage to China has independently developed the 6000 m deep towed acoustic systems and " Qianlong One" pilot applications were carried out and applied sea trial . Which acoustic detection system for the first time deep tow successfully applied crusts mining resources survey , synchronous access to the bathymetric , sidescan , shallow section , three acoustic probe data . " Qianlong One" in the eastern Pacific polymetallic nodule mining 5000 Duo Mihai our test domain , seven successful dive underwater for nearly 30 hours to obtain a number of bathymetric sidescan , shallow stratigraphic section , hydrology , etc. data . Both sets of equipment successfully tested deepwater exploration and application of deep-sea technology development to become an important landmark.

In this expedition during the "Ocean VI" also successfully launched the " Pacific - Guangzhou," marine science classroom activities . Via satellite connection to Guangzhou nearly a hundred students were taught real knowledge of marine science , ocean knowledge in the popularization made ​​a new attempt.

Reporters learned that the "Ocean VI" boat is designed by our own , self- build the first one with the international advanced level of gas hydrate comprehensive survey ship , is currently the world's a more complete configuration of comprehensive geological Earth physical survey ship .


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China to strengthen management of the rare earth industry both to meet international market demand for rare earths can reasonably protect their environment and resources and strive to achieve win-win situation, which is a reasonable return to the global supply of rare earth, based on the policy of sustainable development, in line with WTO the rules should not be reduced to the West an excuse to fight a trade war.

U.S., EU, Japan and other three kinds of raw materials for rare earth export tariffs, export quotas and other management measures proposed to China at the invitation consultations, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology committee member, chief engineer Zhu Ren in Office held a press conference answering reporters that the Chinese government has taken a series of policy measures is entirely for the protection of resources, environment and sustainable development needs of rare earth mining, production, environmental protection and other sectors have also taken a synchronization management measures are consistent with WTO rules.

November 4, 2013 Price of rare earth products

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Currently listing price of rare earth market has been released , the situation has similarities with the same period last year , released last year, following the number of enterprises listed by the love after rare-earth prices rose sharply. Although the price is not listed enterprise storage price , but still lead to better market expectations. Currently vendors offer a smooth or slight increase , the market yet stable.

Currently , according to Baotou manufacturers reflect , lanthanum, cerium oxide and metal prices are not big adjustment , current prices have been low, and demand no pick up, prices down space is limited. According to the manufacturer revealed that the recent market prices of rare earth carbonate slightly lower than the mid to late 10 $ 1,000 / ton, yet rose significantly . The battery grade mixed rare earth prices manufacturers offer more than 10 at the end of the raised five thousand dollars / ton, the price at 140,000 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide market, has some listed prices are 600,000 yuan / ton, while the current market traders offer at 580,000 yuan / ton , the recent market price did not change too obvious .

Today adjustments in prices of some products , such as partial praseodymium neodymium vendors continue to raise the price to 43-43.5 yuan / ton , compared with yesterday raised $ 5,000 / ton. Neodymium oxide, praseodymium prices stable or slightly increase the current $ 5,000 / ton. Today, some suppliers Ganzhou gadolinium oxide with raised ticket prices to 175,000 yuan / ton, while according to others in the industry reflects the actual price of gadolinium oxide did not change much .

Dysprosium oxide prices fell more rapidly rising volatility , expected by the market to the good and the actual needs of the limited impact of the current part of the holding cargo ship then consider first wait and see , but it will not have too high expectations, can


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Following the Baotou Rare Earth publicly listed on the official website after the price of rare earth oxides , rare earth aluminum , Rising colored two companies have recently listed on its official website the price of rare earth oxides . Insiders speculate publicly listed manufacturer of large rare earth prices or state purchasing and storage of rare earth precursor . At the same time , A-share market price of rare earth sector have risen recently .

According quote form, listing the inclusion of rare earth oxides , including oxide, praseodymium oxide , neodymium oxide, dysprosium and other nine species, the number of varieties released more than Baotou rare earth, rare earth aluminum . November 1 , the aluminum rare earth oxide released a total of seven kinds of varieties ; Baotou Steel Rare Earth on October 31 released only four kinds of rare earth oxides .

Currently, the three companies listed oxide, praseodymium oxide , neodymium oxide, praseodymium neodymium and europium oxide prices more similar and were higher than the market price.

It is understood that the public listing price of rare earth oxides from the last year has been publicly listed . November 13, 2012 , Baotou Steel Rare earth prices listed within one month after three times increase in purchase price of rare earth oxides , during the national implementation of the rare earths purchasing and storage .

In accordance with past practice , the state purchasing and storage of rare earth rare earth enterprises mainly commissioned large , rare earth enterprises about a month in advance of rare earth products acquired from the open market , then the acquisition of rare earth products will be owned and sold to National Material Reserve .

Dysprosium oxide is also included in the recent acquisition of the plan , and the rare earth oxide price volatility this year , once a single month or up to 70%. According to the listing price , the aluminum rare offer of 200 yuan / ton. Another source said Ganzhou Rare Earth Group's recent acquisition of dysprosium in the market , the purchase price is also similar to the above two . According to China Rare Earth Industry Association data , November 1 dysprosium quoted market price is 188 million to 200 yuan / ton.

Recent large-scale rare earth companies have disclosed the price of rare earth oxides , sparked speculation about purchasing and storage . In this regard, Baotou Steel Rare Earth International Trade , a company executive denied the company an insider said , the company reported a monthly price of foreign , working relationship with the state purchasing and storage is not.

Typically, large-scale acquisition of rare earth enterprises , followed by countries earth reserve, will generally result in reduced supply of short-term market , followed by rare earth prices. November 2012 , North and South rare earth companies have discontinued quote, followed by Baotou Steel Rare Earth , Minmetals Group and the color of shares involved in the rare earth reserve, state purchasing and storage work followed, XCMG has invested several hundred million boost Ganzhou Rare Earth Shouchu . In this context , some of the rare earths traders appeared reluctant sellers, store goods phenomenon , rare earth market prices stabilized. Data show that the end of the rare-earth prices rose an average over 50%.


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In late October , the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement panel to submit a preliminary ruling to the Chinese that support for Japan , the United States and the European Union on Chinese control of rare earth export tariffs violate WTO rules opinions. At the same time , the world's supply of rare earth diversified pattern has been formed , and hundreds more have been put into new projects is seeking to compete for the global rare earths market share. Reporters recently interviewed national experts learned that by the above two factors, China's rare earth products market will exacerbate the polarization of light rare earth products, or will encounter strong impact .

Full liberalization of domestic exports or

Institute of the Ministry of industrial raw materials CCID Institute Yuankai Hong told reporters that China lanthanum , cerium and other light rare natural reserves are relatively large excess phenomenon, and dysprosium, terbium and other heavy rare earths are scarce . Terbium , dysprosium is an important part of the permanent magnets , and more used in high-tech fields , substitutability small . Global reserves of heavy rare earth less gap, is a veritable scarce commodity . While 70 % of the heavy rare earths are located in China , which is also the world compete for the main reason for China's rare earth resources .

Rare senior experts , Inner Mongolia Rare Earth Co., Ltd. Huayi Vice Huyao Bin believe , WTO rare earths in favor of litigation is unlikely. In accordance with the dead convention, Chinese export products should be abolished for all taxes and fees, except as expressly provided . Annex to the Agreement listed rare earth tax rate of approximately 10%, which is the highest tariff charged at the standard of rare earth , while China 's rare earth export tariffs currently at 25%. In addition , in accordance with WTO rules , rare earth quotas have to be canceled. Practicing rare earth export quota license system since 1998, has more than 15 years , October 28 , the Ministry of Commerce announced the 2014 re- rare earth export quota reporting conditions and reporting procedures .

"In the case of full liberalization of exports , China's light rare earth market will usher in a more brutal competition in the market of rare earth severity of the two products will exacerbate polarization. " Huyao Bin says. Huyao Bin pointed out that the heavy rare earths , the lowering of tariffs and quotas will undoubtedly stimulate and expand the resource exploration and development , increasing environmental degradation origin ; LREE , domestic existing and new production capacity will be competing LREE release , market conditions or back into a few years ago appeared "cabbage price ."

However, Huyao Bin also told reporters that the next step, China will be advanced to the WTO Arbitration Commission further complains that even losing our country adjust to the new policy of export tariffs and quotas , as well as six months to one year grace period , that is rare tariffs, quotas may fully liberalized by 2015 at the latest .

Overseas expansion propelled polarization

Inner Mongolia University of Technology Dean Zhang Yin said rare earth , boosting capacity expansion abroad polarization .

Zhang Yin said, except for China , the world has more than 260 companies , more than 420 rare earth projects concentrated in the Americas , Europe and Africa , and the project mostly light rare earth -based, which will to some extent change the global pattern of light rare earth supply and demand . Statistical point of view , if the project has been put into all of overseas production , China's rare earth products will be 95% global market share dropped to 73% ; expansion of production again , this proportion dropped to 57%. If the completion of all construction projects in foreign countries of production, the proportion of China's rare earth supply Jiangzai dropped about 50%.

China Rare Earth Industry Association Secretary-General Ma Rongzhang said light rare earth products abroad, the cost advantage of China's light rare earths also weakened the international competitiveness . According to his analysis , the U.S. molybdenum company of rare earth products cost less than direct Baotou Steel Rare Earth , because the cut-off grade molybdenum mining company more than 9 percent , Baotou mine cut-off grade of only 5% , and molybdenum Our own gas-fired power plant , electricity cost is only 0.2 yuan / kWh. In addition, foreign light rare earth mine with scores better than the domestic . If you take into account the impact of export tariffs and quotas , domestic rare earth products are exported to the international market to increase by about 20% the cost . Global capacity expansion may lead to global light rare earth prices fell , while the heavy rare earth supply remains tight , which will exacerbate the severity of the situation of rare earth market rainbow night .

Experts suggest that promote balanced use

The severity of the polarization of the two major markets of rare earth products , adverse balanced development of the industry as a whole . In view of this , Ma Rongzhang proposal , government and corporate balance strongly promote the use of light and heavy rare earths . Lanthanum , cerium and other elements of an annual surplus surplus 30,000 ~ 50,000 tons , we should vigorously develop new markets, encourage lanthanum , cerium in the field of environmental protection , structural material in applications such as water purification , catalyst, UV protective glass, rare cast iron, steel, rare earth , rare earth magnesium , rare earth copper, rare earth and aluminum , combined with comprehensive development on the downstream industry chain . According to the current changes in domestic and foreign markets as well as rare earth

Reserves characteristics, there are other ways to take the severity of the focus control heavy rare earth exports .

General Manager Zhang said that Baotou Steel Rare Earth , Baotou Steel Rare Earth is the world's largest light rare earth suppliers , Chinese light rare earth export restrictions opens, will be fully integrated into the international market, facing fierce competition. He suggested that the current north-south several Rare Earth Group as soon as possible scientific management mode , allowing operators more in line with market rules . This is very beneficial not only for the industry regulator , also in line with market rules and WTO rules .

Although WTO rules do not support the number of Member States to restrict exports of high tariffs and setting behavior , but allows member states to manage exports through export qualification . A total of 17 species of rare earth , if he loses , China can also negotiate with foreign countries , first release the export of some varieties , namely light and heavy rare earth export of differentiated management , try to weaken the polarization impact on the domestic rare earth industry .


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