The present invention aims to provide a one-dimensional tungsten oxide material and preparation method, using a simple hydrothermal preparation, operation is simple, easily available raw materials, low cost, environmentally friendly non-toxic solvent that can a large number of synthesis, preparation of WO3 nanowires superior performance, versatile, suitable for large-scale promotion, with significant economic benefits.

The present invention is one-dimensional material is tungsten oxide tungsten oxide nanowires, a length of several hundred nanometers to several microns, width 5-20 nm.

The present invention is a one-dimensional tungsten oxide material preparation method: distilled water elemental tungsten powder are mixed, stirred in an autoclave, the reactants at the reaction temperature 423-478K 1-30 days, then filtered, 323-373K temperature drying 12-24h obtain said tungsten oxide one-dimensional nanomaterials.

The present invention is a significant advantage: The present invention at lower temperatures and does not add any surface active agents and conditions, the templating agent, a simple hydrothermal method of WO3 nanowires prepared, the operation is simple, readily available raw materials get low cost, environmentally friendly non-toxic solvent, can be a lot synthesis, preparation of WO3 nanowires superior performance, versatility, is a good new energy materials that can be used photoelectrocatalysis, solar cells, sensors, lithium ion batteries and Field emission, etc.; suitable for large-scale promotion, with significant economic benefits.

The present invention is a one-dimensional tungsten oxide material preparation, characterized in that: said one-dimensional nano material is tungsten oxide tungsten oxide nanowires, a length of several hundred nanometers to several microns, width 5-20 nm, preparation process as follows: the distilled water elemental tungsten powder are mixed, stirred in an autoclave, the reactants in the reaction at a temperature 423-478K 1-30 days, then filtered and dried at a temperature 323-373K 12-24h to give the said one-dimensional materials, tungsten oxide, wherein the amount of reactor volume of distilled water for 50 to 75 volume% elemental tungsten powder in an amount of 0. 01 ~ 0. 5g, the amount of distilled water with a weight ratio of 1:50 ~ 1: 3750.




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The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a phosphorus content of less than 1 ppm by weight of a high-purity tungsten powder, wherein the ammonium tungstate solution in accordance with the amount of the tungsten inclusions are translated ppm by weight of a phosphorus-containing impurities as the starting material above , by the following 50 ℃ using hydrochloric acid in which and the pH was adjusted to 4 and less than 7, so that eleven hydrated ammonium paratungstate crystalline precipitate, which was further heated to 70 ~ 90 ℃, filtered at a high temperature to obtain a pentahydrate crystals of ammonium paratungstate, and then the crystals of ammonium paratungstate pentahydrate obtained tungsten oxide calcined, and the hydrogen reduction of tungsten oxide to obtain a high-purity tungsten powder.

The present invention also relates to a phosphorus content of 0.4 ppm by weight of high-purity tungsten powder manufacturing method is characterized in that, in the use of hydrochloric acid and the pH adjusted to 4 steps or more and 6 or less, and follow the same procedure to give high purity tungsten powder. Accordingly, the phosphorus content can be effectively reduced.

A phosphorus content of less than I ppm by weight of the manufacturing method of high-purity tungsten powder, wherein the amount of tungsten inclusions in accordance with the translation of phosphorus-containing impurities I ppm or more by weight of ammonium tungstate solution as a starting material, By below 50 ° C with hydrochloric acid to which, and the PH was adjusted to 4 and less than 7, so that eleven hydrated ammonium paratungstate crystalline precipitate, which was further heated to 70 ~ 90 ° C, filtered at the heating temperature state pentahydrate obtained crystals of ammonium paratungstate, and then the crystalline pentahydrate paratungstate tungsten oxide obtained by calcining, and the hydrogen reduction of tungsten oxide to obtain a high-purity tungsten powder.

A manufacturing method of a phosphorus content of 0.4 ppm by weight of a high-purity tungsten powder, wherein the ammonium tungstate solution in accordance with the amount of the tungsten inclusions are translated by weight PPm I phosphorus containing impurities as the starting material in the above By 50 ° C and less hydrochloric acid for neutralization to adjust the pH to 4 or more and 6 or less, so that eleven hydrated ammonium paratungstate crystalline precipitate, which was further heated to 70 ~ 90 ° C, filtered at the heating temperature condition pentahydrate obtained by crystallization of ammonium paratungstate, and then the crystalline pentahydrate calcining ammonium paratungstate obtained tungsten oxide, tungsten oxide and the reduction with hydrogen and made of high-purity tungsten powder.




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The utility model is crystal processing techniques, and, more specifically, a sapphire crystal is a crystal growth furnace used for the growth of the composite tungsten rod heater.

Currently, the prior art method of sapphire crystal growth is generally used Kyropoulos, Kyropoulos sapphire crystals grown using tungsten rod heater, the heater is made of tungsten rod diameter and a length of 4 ~ IOmm tungsten rods is formed by bending a circular heater assembly of the cage-like structure, the diameter and the number of cage-shaped heater according to the temperature required for the tungsten rods conditions Kyropoulos course be selected, however, the tungsten cage Stick heater has the following significant disadvantages:

1) Due to the bending processing of the tungsten rod bow 丨 into more stress is easily deformed such that the bottom heater is broken, short life;

2) High temperature stability is not good, easy to deformation caused by uneven temperature field, affecting the quality of products;

3) Repair and maintenance costs are higher.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a long life, stable temperature performance, temperature field uniformity, lower repair and maintenance costs of sapphire crystal growth composite tungsten rod heater, its specific programs: the sapphire crystal growth by the heater bar and the composite tungsten copper electrode rod tungsten, tungsten plate, fixing nut, fixed tungsten rings, characterized in that the fixed ring is set to a circular tungsten, tungsten rod fixed at uniform tungsten ring, tungsten the upper end of the rod is provided a copper electrode, the lower end of the tungsten bar tungsten plate is provided, by fixing the upper end of the tungsten rod and a nut fixed to the copper electrode connected to a lower end fixed by a tungsten rod with a tungsten plate fixedly connected to the nut.

1 conjunction with the accompanying description of the utility model in more detail, so that the public a better understanding of the practical implementation of the new method, the utility model specific embodiments are: sapphire crystal growth of the composite made of copper tungsten rod heater an electrode, tungsten rod 2, tungsten plate 3, the nut 4 is fixed, consisting of a fixed tungsten ring 5, characterized in that the tungsten ring 5 is set to a fixed circular, fixed ring 5 is disposed uniformly tungsten tungsten rod 2, the upper end of the tungsten rod 2 providing a copper electrode 1, 2 is provided with a lower end of the tungsten bar tungsten plate 3, the upper end of the tungsten rod 2 is fixed by the fixing nut is connected to the copper electrode 4 I, the lower end of the tungsten rod 2 is fixedly connected to the fixing nut 4 by tungsten plate 3.




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The present invention describes a manganese-chromium-tungsten bainitic steel, belongs to steel alloy technology field. Characterized in that: it comprises the following components, its percentage by weight: C0.06 ~ 0.55wt. %; Mn1.90 ~ 3.00wt. %; Si0.20 ~ 2.00wt. %; Cr0.10 ~ 2.00wt. %; W0.10 ~ 1.00wt. %; Remainder being Fe.

Steels of the invention is a new class of manganese-chromium-tungsten bainitic steel, manganese, silicon, chromium as the main alloying elements, plus tungsten as the main and auxiliary elements, with high strength and toughness and bainite air cooling hardenability, under air cooling conditions can be obtained bainite / martensite phase complex organization, exempt from hardening process for the manufacture of a variety of shaft parts, structural parts, all kinds of springs, wear parts, precision molds and resistance grinding steel castings.

Manganese-chromium-tungsten bainitic steel after tempering with excellent strength and toughness, which can close substitutability quenched and tempered steel, used to make a variety of high-strength structural parts, and surface hardening.




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The present invention describes a long-life tungsten metal-casting skateboard, about a steelmaking and continuous casting equipment.

This invention relates to provide a long-life expectancy of tungsten metal-casting the slide, which can increase the service life of the slide casting 1-2 times.

Aspect of the present invention is a tungsten containing metal casting long-life skateboard, comprising a base material, the matrix material contains a metal tungsten powder. Tungsten powder and the weight percentage of the matrix material is from 0.5 to 2.0%. The metal tungsten powder as the powder through a 200-mesh sieve, the content of W ≥99.5%. The drying temperature is 150-220 ℃, the firing temperature is 1200-1450 ℃.

The present invention is used in steelmaking and continuous casting production equipment.




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The present invention provides a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nano-tungsten carbide powder method. Steps are as follows:

1) Preparation of mix briquettes per kg nano WO3 powders add 300 ~ 320gMg powder, 30 ~ 60g nano-carbon black, 10 ~ 100g alcohol-soluble phenolic resin, mix per kg join 250 ~ 300ml ethanol as milling media , the above four kinds of raw materials are mixed from 4 to 12 hours milling, the slurry after milling at a temperature of 80 ~ 110 ℃ drying 1-4 hours, and then pressed into a compact;

2) Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nanometer WC powder mixture briquettes placed in a reactor to 0.5 ~ 2.0L / min flow rate through the Ar gas 10 to 30 minutes, the exclusion of air in the reactor, the briquettes heated to 100 ~ 250 ℃, incubated for 10 to 40 minutes, removing air, water, and ethanol was adsorbed briquettes, when energized to ignite the mixture of tungsten materials, causing self-propagating reaction;

3) Removal of acid impurities, the MgO from the reaction mass is broken after the spread, the addition of excess 1 ~ 10mol / L of hydrochloric acid, and soaked for 1 to 4 hours to completely dissolve the impurities MgO and hydrochloric acid, and suction-filtered, washed with deionized water, then filtration, loop 3 to 5 times, with a solution of AgNO3 Cl- ions detected in the filtrate, to date no AgCl precipitate formed, and then in an oven at 80 ~ 110 ℃ after washing the material dried for 1 to 4 hours;

4) H2 processing the material for 40 to 100 minutes in a tube furnace in an atmosphere of H2 at 800 ~ 1100 ℃, can continue to make the carbide W2C into WC, and to eliminate the excess free carbon, single phase nanometer WC powder with an average particle diameter of less than 80nm, carbon content 6.16 ~ 6.25%, free carbon content of less than 0.1%.

SHS nano tungsten carbide powder method of the present invention provides advantages: WC nanoparticles obtained powder is dispersed well resolved nanometer WC powder reunion, and, technology, equipment is simple, suitable for ultra-fine grain Carbide production.




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The present invention provides a method of microwave synthesis of nano tungsten carbide. Steps are as follows:

1) Configuration in accordance with nano tungsten powder mixture and the mass ratio of phenolic resin by 3 to 1 configuration mix, then add alcohol, so that the mixture is completely soaked in alcohol and then mixing evenly, then heated in a water bath so that the alcohol evaporates fully obtain a phenolic resin and nano-tungsten powder mixture evenly mixed spare;

2) Configured to take a vacuum placed on the mixture of ceramic boat, and it was added powdered iron bars full contact, the vacuum is turned off oven, maintained at a vacuum degree 7-9Pa;

3) Start heating microwave oven carbonization , controlling the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, heating 5-10mi n After disconnecting the power, stop heating, and after cooling to room temperature, stop vacuuming, remove the powder carbonized to obtain nanometer WC powder The average particle size was 84.4nm.

Microwave Synthesis of Nano-tungsten carbide method of the present invention provides advantages: fast heating, carbonizing very short time, to get nanometer WC powder.




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The present invention provides a method for preparing wear-resistant tungsten-containing austenitic manganese steel, which is characterized by:

1) The chemical composition of steel as wt%: C1.0-1.5, Mn5.0-15.0, W0.5-5.0, Si <0.8, S <0.05, P <0. 05, the balance being Fe;

2) Conventional mechanical properties of cast steel is: tensile strength 500-900MPa, impact toughness 20-200J / cm2, which cast the state of the mechanical properties of conventional steel is less than state of the mechanical properties of solution heat treatment of steel; their Abrasive 30-80% performance increase abrasion than ordinary ZGMn13 steel;

3) The mechanical properties of conventional steel forging state: yield strength greater than 650MPa, tensile strength greater than 1000MPa, impact toughness greater than 200J / cm2, wear resistance than the same ingredients without forging steel increased by more than 50%;

Steps are as follows:

a) Smelting furnace, its steel smelting temperature of 1520-1550 ℃;

b) Pouring temperature 1460-1480 ℃;

c) While smelting, iron alloy by adding after the first order is: tungsten iron and ferromanganese, and then pouring into the desired product; smaller thickness castings can be used directly after casting, casting for a greater thickness after heat treatment required to use heat treatment process is the heating temperature 950-1100 ℃, water quenching;

d) Wear-resistant tungsten-containing austenitic manganese steel forging process with excellent performance, the forging process is: heating rate of not more than 200 ℃ / h, forging temperature range of 900-1180 ℃.

Wear-resistant tungsten-containing austenitic manganese present invention describes for the production of metallurgy, mining, building materials, coal, military and machinery industries wearable parts such as liners, tooth plate, hammer and crawler boards. Meanwhile, wear-resistant tungsten-containing austenitic manganese steel forging process with excellent performance, available forging method of manufacturing abrasion resistance, excellent fatigue properties contact forgings, such as railway frog, hammer and so on.




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The present invention provides a method for preparing a cemented carbide or ceramic body. Having Ⅳa or Ⅴa group consisting of WC and at least one element of the periodic table of the hard material is at least one carbide, nitride, carbonitride, or oxide phase composed of a carbonitride, and having a Fe, Co and / or Ni a binder phase composed of a proportion of 3-25% by mass, with a single or with multiple surface adjacent to each other.

Steps are as follows:

1) At least one surface of the following single sets 2-100μm thick first layer having a proportion of 2-25% by mass of the binder metal and at most 25% by volume or more of the family of the periodic table Ⅳa metal nitride or carbonitride and / or up to 10% by volume of the V, Nb, Ta and / or Cr carbides and / or carbonitrides, balance WC, wherein said metal nitride, carbon the amount of nitride or carbide of at least 0.01% by volume, characterized in that;

2) Disposed on the first layer 2 below the second layer to a thickness of 40μm, the ratio of nitrogen higher than the first layer and mainly composed of metals of the periodic table Ⅳa nitrides and / or carbonitrides, and having phase ratio of at most 10% by volume of the elements W, Mo, V, Ta, Nb, Cr carbide, nitride, carbonitride, or oxycarbonitride, and / or dissolved in the proportion of the hard material phase is at most 5 mass % of V, Nb, Ta and up to 2 mass% of Cr, Mo, W, and contains at most 15% by mass of the binder, wherein the amount of the phase-volume ratio of at least 0.01% and / or is soluble in the hard the amount of the material ratio is at least 0.01% by mass;

3) Provided in the second layer having a thickness of 2 to 100μm below the transition zone, wherein the composition gradually changes to a uniform hard metal or ceramic core inside the body of the composition.




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The present invention describes a carbide sintered body.

Sintered cemented carbide body comprises tungsten carbide, and a binder phase containing at least one or more of a solid solution of iron-group metal or alloy phases. Each solid solution contains zirconium, niobium and at least one of tungsten carbide and carbonitride of a combination of thereof.

Steps are as follows:

1) Providing a powder mixture and the powder mixture consisting of tungsten containing at least one iron group element or an alloy thereof and a binder metal powder carbides and carbonitrides of zirconium and niobium is at least one;

2) The zirconium carbides and carbonitrides of niobium powders include niobium carbide or zirconium carbonitride, the powder mixture into a green body, and in the green body of 1400-1560 ℃ vacuum sintering or HIP sintering.




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