Gamma Camera with Tungsten Parallel Collimators

The emission of a single gamma ray is a very small-scale nuclear phenomenon. It is the role of the gamma-camera head to amplify this microscopic radiation into an electric signal that can be detected and measured.

The gamma camera detection head consists of:
- a collimator
- a scintillating crystal
- an array of photomultiplier tubes
- an electronic system for detection and measurement of gamma energies and impacts

The collimator of gamma camera is a thick plate of tungsten riddled with a large number of very thin parallel channels. The gamma rays which can pass through it are those whose direction is perpendicular to the surface of the tungsten plate and the scintillating crystal. The channel axes point towards the body part under examination, and the tungsten stops all gamma photons traveling at an oblique angle. Other collimators can be designed using different techniques: a pinhole collimator is used for thyroid scintigraphy scans, whereas fan-shaped collimators are used for imaging of the brain.

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