RE shares yesterday silence for a long time suddenly force , many stocks intraday spikes . However, lack of upward momentum , fall afternoon . There are market rumors that the rare earth market awaited national reserve program has been settled, and the revenue reserves or super expectations. But in view of the continuous fluctuations in the price of rare earth this year , the future is still large uncertainties , so a large group purchasing and storage , and industry consolidation will be the biggest highlight of the recent rare earth sector .

Biography Shouchu settled

Market late last year sent to the national reserve of rare earth high expectations of the delay in appearance , but sources said yesterday , purchasing and storage plan basically settled , and this purchasing and storage size may exceed market expectations. It also brings rare earth stocks sharply higher Wednesday's session , the Galaxy magnet lock limit . However, there are rare listed company said it now has not received formal notification .

There are rare earth companies , told reporters that the current market is just saying , did not receive formal notification related , "We did hear a lot of argument, but has not yet received official documents . " a rare corporate staff told reporters .

Analysts believe the giant Guoxian , 2013 Young comprehensive rare earth oxides fell 23.05 percent price , but only the Baotou Rare Earth over the same period fell 8.33 percent revenue , far less than the price decline. "We speculate that the company benefited from the country or rare earth reserve, contrarian growth in product sales , partially offset by a decline in the price of rare earth adverse impact on performance . " Giant Kwok-yin said .

However , the rare earth companies themselves , but there are differences , even the industry leader Baotou Steel Rare Earth are passing out a signal lack of confidence , this year's sales will be down 24%. The Rising colored seemed a little optimistic , raised its performance targets this year .

Analysts pointed out that Portland may be subject to higher prices affect the first half of 2013 , the full year 2014 is expected to average less than 2013 rare earths , Baotou Steel Rare Earth will hurt 2014 results .

The formation of a large group of rare earth

"We believe that this rare chance to segment focused on the integration of the national reserve and a large group , prices are expected not much surprise. " Analysts said the reporter. The major listed companies are going to be set up as a large group, this year's key tasks . Therefore, we recommend investors to hold short-term trading opportunities.

Baotou Steel Rare Earth pointed out that the country will accelerate the pace of work to form a large group of rare earth , domestic clearly formed " 1 +5 " group pattern of rare earth , which led the formation of the Northern Steel Group Rare Earth Group , China Minmetals , Chinalco , Guangdong rare earth, Ganzhou rare Earth and Xiamen Tungsten , respectively, led the formation of the corresponding Southern rare Earth Group . And one of the company's focus in 2014 is to build the North Rare Earth Group . Rising colored also said that this year will be actively involved in the integration of rare earth resources , mergers and acquisitions work .


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The addition of very small things can change dramatically change the nature, rare earths are called "industrial vitamin" , and is widely used in hybrid cars , energy-saving appliances , light emitting diodes (LED) and smart phones and other products. Xiao Bian I, as has been tracking the development of LED industry , for China this year will host the Western Pacific Naval Symposium , the Pacific Rim countries will participate in this forum. Its members are the United States , Australia, Canada and several Asian countries, including China and Japan. For this event , in particular, are concerned about the issue of Nature , Xiao Bian found an article on rare earth news appeared in the LED industry , said the United States and Japan to reduce dependence on the mainland LED phosphor rare earth prices dropped by 52 to 83 %. In order to understand what is China's rare earth pit or pit the people themselves , the survey wrote some rare problems present in China, Japan and the United States between .

As is known to all , China Rare Earth once as a military and diplomatic bargaining chips external , in 2010 suddenly stopped exports to Japan of rare earths , Japan has become a symbol of China's venture representative . And China in the East China Sea over the designated air defense identification zone , Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited the Yasukuni Shrine by the end of that , but it does not appear the topic of rare earth. Also recently , in 2014 by the China International Conference NdFeB Rare Earth Industry Association and the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo and other materials jointly organized March 3, 2014 , held in Ningbo , the participants of the rare earth prices and supply shortages in 2011 is still soaring fear. Dr. Harada Industry Association of Japan Hideki magnetic appeal , no longer appear rare earth crisis .

Rare crisis over?

September 2010 , in the East China Sea Chinese fishing boat collided with Japan Coast Guard patrol boat incident as an opportunity , China resorted to stop exports of rare earths to Japan of rare earth diplomatic card . Dependence on Chinese rare earths up to nearly 90 percent of Japan's rare earth suddenly caught short , industry chaos. Until the state has been in short supply until the summer of 2011 , rare earth prices soared to 20 times .

Rare high prices also sparked the United States, Canada and Australia in the global rare earth mining boom. Japanese companies diversify procurement channels in order to intensify , the trading company "double day" from the fall of 2013 began importing rare earths from Australia. Toyota Tsusho is scheduled to start this year in India over rare earth production .

Accelerate technology development to reduce rare earth usage, recycling of rare earth extraction also appears to expand domestic waste equipment from "urban mines " in the . 2012 imports of rare earths to Japan last year , compared with almost halved , prices fell to fifth peaks. As Japanese companies to ensure that the rare earth reserves in Sino-Japanese relations have cooled to avoid the end of the chaos occurred.

Today, the industry generally believe that " the biggest victims of the embargo is China itself ." Suddenly stop supplying not only lost the trust of the international community , in addition to reducing the impact of exports by volume, China has more than 100 rare earth companies were forced to sharply cut and cut .

The weather the storm through self-help efforts in Japan becomes increasingly powerful. However , Extraordinary Professor Institute of Industrial Science , University of Tokyo Okabe withdraw special is that " Japanese companies in sourcing rare and can only be Chinese pinched neck ."

Traps hidden in the " rare earth" in this collectively . Although referred to as rare earth, but if broken , then the world is widely mined including seven kinds of light rare-earth and reserves of 10 kinds of heavy rare earth, a total of 17 species. After the collision , the Japanese companies to ensure that the rare-earth alternative sourcing mainly for the light rare earths, and heavy rare earth remains almost entirely dependent on Chinese exports.

As a representative of heavy rare earths , dysprosium indispensable in improving the high temperature performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicles equipped with a high-performance magnet aspects . Though as technology advances , the amount of dysprosium vehicle use has decreased, but the growing popularity of electric vehicles if the total amount is difficult to appear reduced.


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Chinese Rare Earth Society was held on March 21-23, the " green and efficient exploitation of rare earth resources analysis " topic discussion , chaired by Guocheng academicians, more than 30 experts and scholars from across the country attended the meeting in Beijing .

First, consider cow Beijing Deputy Secretary recalled the Chinese Society of Rare topic since 2012 to start a major progress ; and global reserves of rare earth resources , development and utilization of domestic rare earth resources , environmental pollution and ecological management , resource utilization, the focus R & D direction and other aspects of cognition recommendations reported research progress and achievements stages .

Delegates closely green and efficient exploitation of rare earth resources in this topic , delegates took the floor , respectively, of rare earth resources , exploration, development and mining, processing technology, environmental protection and comprehensive utilization on illegal mining and smuggling, basic research , industry status and policy , intellectual property rights and protection, export taxes and other aspects of management and a lively discussion . The delegates expressed their views , a careful analysis of the main issues discussed during the development and utilization of rare earth resources currently exist , positive suggestions , recommendations opinion. Zhang Anwen , deputy Secretary-General on behalf of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths deputies involved in the research of gratitude.

Finally , Guocheng academicians made ​​a concluding statement , noted that the research should be a true reflection of the current situation and development trend of China's rare earth industry , the key point is that the subject of policy recommendations part , to better decision-making basis for the macro-management of the rare earth industry.


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Recently , according to the Shanghai municipal government 's work requirements , the Shanghai Municipal Commission by letter of the heavy chemical industry , Comprehensive Planning Department false in Shanghai Normal University, held a rare earth industry association management forum in Shanghai , delegates on how to make the new situation industry associations play a role in the management of the industry , for the transformation of government functions , from the pre- admission to transfer to a matter of control and post- regulatory -based, service enterprises , and strengthen industry self-regulation and other aspects of the exchange of full , warm atmosphere . After listening to the exchange , the Director of Shanghai Jiang Wei Commission by letter pointed at heavy industry association working to clear thinking, through the development of industry standards , promote industrial development , standardize the market order , the service market players , strengthen self-discipline , among a lot of cooperation , such as trade associations work , give full play to the role of associations in the industry, management , accelerate the promotion of innovation-driven , transformation and development , so that associations become more vitality.

Attend this meeting there , the Shanghai Commission by letter of the Director of Heavy Industry Department of Jiang Wei , Li Jie , director of Clerks , golden deputy director of Shanghai Comprehensive Planning Commission by letter at Yu Shiyi , Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Chen Baohua deputy Director , Institute of nuclear Industry eighth party secretary Chen Gang , secretary-general of Shanghai Wu Jiansi rare association .


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Rare Shouchu week or determine the price , add to the overall number of enterprises from purchasing and storage reservoir or higher than expected , bullish sentiment concentrated suppliers , offer an upward trend due to demand No follow-up , no improvement in turnover .

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 165-175 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 170-180 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 410,000-420,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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Rare analyst told reporters that the current round of rare earth Shouchu twists and turns , finally settled. This week to determine the reserve price , the new self- storage business , resulting in changes in the overall number of purchasing and storage .

Insiders said that in the first instance against the background of the rare earth WTO , adopt a market -based means to replace the original export quotas , tariffs and other means of administration of the color darker more urgent to control the rare earth resources , the government is likely to accelerate the integration process is expected to rare earth industry .

Higher than expected revenue reserves or

It is understood that , at present, the State Reserve Bureau has signed an agreement with the purchasing and storage of rare earth aluminum , Minmetals , Steel, Jiangxi thin, Xiamen Tungsten and Rising colored . Insiders said that the signing of the agreement means the purchasing and storage of rare earth has been officially finalized, but the official documents did not come down , companies can not disclose specific details. The average price from the previous six-month term, the price of purchasing and storage of rare earth market price should be at least 10% higher .

About Shouchu quantity, rare earth industry analyst told the online China Securities Journal reporter , in addition to maintaining pre- agreed number of outside each purchasing and storage unit according to 30% of reserves from the reservoir , so the number of the purchasing and storage of rare or more than 13,000 tons . He also revealed that reserve price will be determined this week , but did not explain the specific date .

Rare earth prices began to rise

In purchasing and storage of rare earth floor , while companies are constantly raising the price of rare earth oxides .

China Rare Earth Industry Association announced the rare earth oxide prices since April 3 has been on an upward trend. As of April 8 , praseodymium oxide 57.6-59.4 yuan / ton, neodymium oxide 31.9-32.9 yuan / ton, neodymium oxide spectrum 32-33.4 yuan / ton, dysprosium oxide 166.6-175.4 yuan / ton, terbium oxide 315.3 -325 yuan / ton, erbium oxide 33.7-34.7 yuan / ton, lutetium oxide 840-866 yuan / ton, europium oxide 404.2-430 yuan / ton , yttria 5.3-5.5 yuan / ton.

Analysts said that , as usual , is the most rare Shouchu the past six months the price of the average price of rare earth reserve price . Raise the price of rare earth rare earth companies currently also the usual practice , and related businesses sell mentality relatively strong, relatively light turnover .


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How to cope with the international rules of rare earth China recently , WTO trade case Chinese rare earth preliminary ruling violation. This means that China will not adopt quotas on exports of rare earth enterprises manner restrictions . Reporter Peng Kefeng trainee reporter Jiang Tianhai for Chinese rare earth industry, which is still to come .

How to deal with international rules Rare Chinese

Recently, the WTO preliminary ruling rare case of Chinese trade violations . This means that China will not adopt quotas on exports of rare earth enterprises manner restrictions .

Reporter Peng Kefeng trainee reporter Jiang Tianhai

For China rare earth industry, which is still to come .

World Trade Organization (WTO) has announced the United States, European Union, Japan v. China rare earths , tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of the panel report and the preliminary ruling Chinese violations, which affect the geometry of the rare earth industry ? China how to better protect and exploit the country's rare earth resources in the context of international trade rules to adapt ?

China may still appeal

"We deeply regret the WTO ruling above . " China Rare Earth Industry Association Deputy Secretary-General陈占恒to " Science China Daily " reporters said they would report the WTO ruling specific study to assess the impact of the ruling Chinese rare earth industry and enterprises .

The ruling is based on the assessment of the panel report , but not the end result , there are 60 days time to appeal.

陈占恒said: "We have done a lot of work for the prosecution of United States and Europe , but the verdict very regrettable. Expert report has just come out of more than 270 pages, we need to be read carefully . Which conflict with WTO rules are based on the Environmental Protection provenance can exist on export restrictions , we need in-depth study of the policies and rules of the WTO . "

"' rare cases ' the typical case , a lot of problems in our country can reflect on resources, production , technology, patents, worth considering. 20 years, 23% of China 's rare earth reserves to meet the needs of more than 90 percent of global rare earths , because excessive reliance on Chinese rare earths abroad , will naturally produce demanding. " Zhang Anwen , deputy secretary general of China Society of Rare Earths to " said Science China Daily " reporters .

"We also noticed that WTO Panel approved a comprehensive resource and environmental protection measures in China for rare earths, tungsten, molybdenum related products taken . Export management measures taken by China to strengthen resources and environmental protection is part of a series of important measures . It must be emphasized that protect rare , especially valuable heavy rare earth , is important to maintain global sustainable development efforts , in line with the WTO aims to promote coordination on resources, environment and human development. " Zhang Anwen said , " In the future we have to pay a high price to govern , and therefore confidently made ​​it clear that we pay to foreign countries and contributions . "

In Zhang Anwen view, the use of Chinese rare earth rare earth consumers to obtain a high comparative effectiveness , but to the Chinese legacy of environmental pollution and ecological destruction.

"While under international trade rules , the possibility of our turnaround is unlikely, but we must show that our attitude. " Wuhan University engineering professor at the pool Ru'an to " Science China Daily " frankly , China should be audible to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests as possible.

Rare price risk geometry

Regardless of the appeal or not, China 's rare earth quota system was abolished , it seems that sooner or later. On the surface, China's rare earth export quotas in recent years is much higher than the market demand, it seems not too great.

"No matter how , we need to prevent the rare earth prices are too low , as this will affect the development of the Chinese rare earth industry . ( After the abolition of the quota system ) may reduce the risk of price and foreign manufacturers will push our prices , if the price of our own re- mastered , it might go wrong. So we have to seize this opportunity to step up research on new measures. " Zhang Anwen said so.

He further analysis , leaving a buffer of Appeals for the country , China needs to pay close attention to the introduction of management practices, industries and enterprises to strengthen self-discipline . "We are a major exporter of the resource class , once the oversupply , others will be abused , to have good internal coordination mechanisms. Sometimes in the past we sell rare or even below cost price , plus pollution control , ecological restoration cost is worth the candle . "

陈占恒think , from the market perspective, the abolition of the quota system may be beneficial to encourage enterprises to explore the international market , but will also increase the difficulty of managing resources development .

Rare is the only way to power

For the future development of rare earth industry , experts say , to deal with losing rare case , China is only from " rare big country " into a " rare power" in order to have a real voice. Only in the rare earth industry chain competitive in the international arena have influence , will not be controlled by others .

Pool Ru'an think that if we violate WTO rules final determination , the rule is the rule , we can propose changes to the rules unreasonable , but ruled that we can not simply change to China . Therefore , China should take advantage of the light rare earth mineral processing, mining, smelting and other aspects of the play cost and resource advantages. As for the heavy rare earth , countries can further strengthen the management , export restrictions . " From the species , there are many countries in the world have a light rare earth , we really want to protect the southern region of the heavy rare earths . "

However, from a long-term considerations, Zhang Anwen is proposed that China should increase investment in the future of rare earth technology development, investment in basic research , the establishment of mechanisms for research gold with collaborative innovation platform , the development of rare earth industry as soon as possible . "At present, China in rare earth raw materials are better developed , but in the application of components, parts , machine and other rare earth materials is still rather weak . Abroad can be counter this , ' you do not give me that I can not give you the rare earth components .' Therefore , China should do the manufacturing country , instead of assembling a big country . "

Pool Ru'an also agrees: " China should take this opportunity to develop application of rare earth industry , striving to become a major manufacturer of rare device , so valuable rare earth resources are effective and rational use . At the same time , we must intensify rare corporate environmental oversight . "


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Today, the rare earth market is relatively stable , although a slight upward relatively late March , less than normal market transactions , vendors shipped is not positive, willing to slightly raise the price of shipping .

Praseodymium neodymium metal market today quotes from suppliers in 41.5-42 yuan / ton, industry players said , the price edged up , but the number of transactions or less . Currently oxide, praseodymium , neodymium offer up more obvious , with votes at 32.5-33 yuan / ton. According to the Baotou Rare Earth exchange offer, the price of neodymium oxide, praseodymium today sharply upward, as of 14:00 , neodymium oxide, praseodymium prices are displayed in the 339.7-353.8 yuan / kg.

Dysprosium products market , today there are traders reflect dysprosium oxide with tickets now 1.7 million yuan / ton or less difficult to get the goods , others reported earlier high of 175 yuan / ton or more of the business has not yet made continue to rise behavior , the current market comprehensive offer is still 170-175 ten thousand yuan / ton. Another Bo suppliers dysprosia price displayed is 1814 yuan / kg.

Recent europium, terbium market was little changed , according to Ganzhou suppliers reflect europium oxide with a ticket offer is still current 4100 yuan / kg have not been adjusted since the week , trading volume is still large . According to today's Baotou Rare Earth Exchange traded price of europium oxide drastic rise in the range of 160 yuan / kg, but according to industry suppliers reflect , and will not at this price as a reference, and not truly reflect market demand, the market turnover price to be much lower . According to the business to reflect a small number of recently terbium oxide , with no ticket price at 2,700 yuan / kg , according to other merchants offer terbium oxide present with votes of more than 3100 yuan / kg.


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Between the southern provinces of Jiangxi, Fujian , Hunan, Guangdong , Guangxi, Yunnan and other mountains, rich in ionic heavy rare earth resources, this is a special rare earth deposits only a few countries , such as our own, which has proven reserves accounting for more than 90% of the world's proven ionic heavy rare earth resources.

In recent years , the South -ionic heavy rare earth mine commonly used in-situ leaching process development of rare earth . In this regard, the rare earth industry stakeholders in an interview that , although in the past the recovery tank leaching ionic heavy rare earth ore compared ionic situ leaching heavy rare earth mining process in environmental indicators has been made in progress, but the use of this technology to develop ionic heavy rare earth resources , easy to destroy mine geological structure , triggering landslides . Meanwhile, since the mine design defects , some chemicals used in the leaching process also rare risk of leakage . They called on relevant departments to be able to give attention to the potential security risks and take preventive measures targeted .

Enormous strategic value heavy rare earth

Rare is a valuable strategic resource, because of its unique magnetic, optical, electrical and other physical and chemical properties , are widely used in high-tech fields of aerospace , electronic information, the nuclear industry , new energy, advanced manufacturing , development of emerging industries of strategic important strategic significance.

Engaged in research work of production safety in Ganzhou Rare Earth Mining Co.黄紫彬, who said ionic heavy rare earth ore was discovered in the South in the 1970s , it was in the chemical weathering and other natural effects , rich in rare earth elements from the parent rock rare earth ions formed first and then the clay was adsorbed into an aqueous solution formed . And enrichment of rare earth mine in the north of a small piece of mine in a different , lower ore grade heavy rare earth south , but particularly wide distribution area. For example , in the global distribution of heavy rare earth mines in Ganzhou richest Long County and other places, the mountains and plains are dotted with almost ionic heavy rare earth resources.

" Rare is the general term lanthanum, cerium , praseodymium , neodymium, terbium , dysprosium and other 17 kinds of elements. " China Rare Earth Society Deputy Secretary-General Zhang Anwen said," lanthanum , cerium and other five kinds of rare earth elements are called light rare earths ; scandium elements generally not symbiosis with other rare earth elements , known as dispersion element , promethium are radioactive elements, So far in the rare earth minerals not found ; other 11 kinds of rare earth elements terbium , dysprosium , etc. are called heavy rare earth elements. "

Nature reserves of heavy rare earth deposit in the form of industrial rarely . Zhang Anwen said heavy rare earth known as the "King of rare earth ," is the scarcity of rare species , China's proven ore reserves of heavy rare earth ion type , only a few hundred tons, mainly for defense and other cutting-edge technology coupled with area, so a greater strategic importance than light rare earths , and the price is much higher than the light rare earths .

For example , in July 2012 the best rare earth prices , the most popular varieties in the light rare earth praseodymium, neodymium metal per ton price of 100 yuan up and down , but terbium , dysprosium heavy rare earth prices 20 million yuan per ton , respectively , 1300 million or so , you can see from the price , LREE far on strategic value.

Mining technology is now easily lead to disaster

Zhang Anwen said heavy rare earth mine south of shallow , easy to exploit . Over the past few decades , people continue to improve mining methods to explore in situ leaching out of the process, that is , without stripping and mining of ore , the first hit on a lot of holes in the mountain containing rare earth ore is then injected and recovered for leaching chemical rare earth elements , rare earth elements and further separated by chemical methods. Compared with the initial pool leaching process , rare earth recovery of this process is high, but when you do not have to peel ore mining and destruction of vegetation , labor intensity is also small, simple method has been widely used.

However, in situ leaching , liquid injection drilling drawback of this process is obvious. Zhang Anwen said that , in general, the heavy rare earth mine in the southern part of the hilly terrain topography , altitude generally between 300 meters to 400 meters, the relative height between the mountains is generally between 50 meters to 100 meters . Rock weathered granite mine to the main structure of the mountain rock itself is not strong enough .

In addition , with the in-situ leaching process rare earth mining , need to play a certain amount of liquid injection wells rich in rare earth mine in the mountains . Under normal circumstances , you need to be disposed on the mountain with hundreds of rare earth ore even thousands liquid injection wells , holes on the mountain , combined with the vibration generated in the drilling process , and will destroy the mountain was originally a stable internal structure of the state , resulting in the mountain loose .

Especially so after liquid injection wells , the worker will inject a large amount of leaching solution into the mountain , the mountain due to absorption of a large number of pharmaceutical and become soft, sticky soil mountain also decreased with increasing moisture content , maintain the balance of power structure of the mountain had also been damaged, prone to landslides accident. Adequate rainfall especially in the southern regions , repeatedly washed in the rain , had " drink enough " of the leach solution mining mountain more prone to collapse and landslides phenomenon . Zhang Anwen said that the actual situation also showed that the mountain of rare earth mine collapses, landslides and more hair.

Huangzi Bin has done this research expertise . He said that in the actual production , some producers to produce benefits as soon as possible , often used to increase the amount of fluid injected into the leach ore ways to accelerate the speed , a substantial increase in the amount of fluid injection would aggravate the already saturated loose mountain burden increases the probability of landslides , some of the rare earth mine in Jiangxi mountain landslide is so produced , which seriously threatened the mine construction and mine life and property safety of the area residents.

Process collapse risk pools exist

In general, the injection of ore leach solution after a period of time , is recycled to the loop processing of the pool, and then precipitation of ammonium bicarbonate or oxalic acid solution obtained by leaching agent treatment , thereby separating the rare earths.

According Huangzi Bin introduction , stope design , in order to make better use of its own gravity leach solution , let gravity in order to save energy and other costs, types of mines hydrometallurgical processing plant mines along the hillside pool often , by the ladder layout, pond liquor pools earlier treatment processes are generally arranged in a workshop on the higher terrain of the platform , the rest of the processing steps of the pool down sequentially arranged in the order stated .

Rare earth mine in South Jiangxi example, mine hydrometallurgical plant generally include liquor transit pool , cleaning tanks, sedimentation tanks , melting tanks and miscellaneous other types of liquid pool with Process pool. Pond based on the actual number of mine production scale , the number ranging from a few to dozens , usually in a single volume 200 cubic meters to 300 cubic meters. These multi- process cement and brick and concrete pools build from , with some compression capability . However , in the actual production process, are open-air hydrometallurgical plant operations, treatment ponds are directly exposed to the sun , Over time, wind and sun, the wall is easy to crack.

Huangzi Bin example , if a treatment tank capacity of 250 m3 , in the case of the pool fills , the wall pressure is great. Once the pond wall collapse collapse phenomenon occurred , two or three tons of liquid mixed with debris flows down from the high slope, staff will bottom , facilities pose a great threat . Thus , process tank collapse in ionic rare earth ore production process is also a source of great danger .

Hazardous chemical reagents owe specification

Hazardous chemical reagents owe specification , is another big issue during development of rare earth mine south facing . Huangzi Bin analysts say , the use of in-situ leaching of mining rare earth mine in the removal of impurities link, mining companies tend to use strong acid and other chemicals to recover the residual waste earth, scum first method is generally used strong acid to dissolve and then re- send Metallurgical plant for separation into the water , the use of strong acid is usually concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concentrated sulfuric acid has a strong oxidation and corrosion , but also has dehydration , hard -volatile characteristics, likely to cause harm to the human body, is one of the country 's strict control of hazardous chemicals .黄紫彬said some mining companies to store using metal cans of concentrated sulfuric acid , which has a bottom gate metal cans often , when used to unscrew the valve , concentrated sulfuric acid will flow . Because sulfuric acid tank is generally placed outdoors, wind and sun, easy to rust, above often no safety valve control device , these factors may result in concentrated sulfuric acid leak accident , there are security risks .

In addition , the use of chemicals in accordance with specifications , should dilute the concentrated sulfuric acid is added to water, stirring slowly , otherwise prone to the phenomenon of boiling solution . However, affected by the mine management and the quality of workers , some workers on the nature of the lack of adequate knowledge of concentrated sulfuric acid , concentrated sulfuric acid in the dilution , the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid in the water directly into the mixing phenomenon , likely to cause injury.

Mining processes and procedures needs improvement

For Southern rare earth mining security risks , interviewed experts and business people suggestions: First, the national authorities should increase investment in the southern ionic distribution of heavy rare earth mineral resources exploration , to find out the " real situation" and distribution , and thereby develop a unified development plan ; secondly , for the lack of current mining technology exists , the proposed national scientific and technical personnel and other relevant ministries and departments of geological research organizations , combined with rare earth mine geology south , to further improve and perfect the ionic heavy rare earth mining process technology ; third, establish as soon as possible and improve mine planning , process, production facilities protection and other safety norms and standards , safety supervision departments to implement the responsibility , through the organization of security checks , etc., and urge enterprises to enhance safety awareness and improve the safety level of production, At the same time increase the illegal exploitation of rare earth mine south behavior crackdown ; fourth, the use of acid and alkali rare earth mines and other dangerous goods , the relevant departments to strengthen management, establish qualification examination and approval system , and urge enterprises to establish and implement related operations , management practices , and related posts operator , to conduct specialized job skills , safety awareness training , the implementation of job evaluation .


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The addition of very small things can change dramatically change the nature, rare earths are called "industrial vitamin" , and is widely used in hybrid cars , energy-saving appliances , light emitting diodes (LED) and smart phones and other products. Xiao Bian I, as has been tracking the development of LED industry , for China this year will host the Western Pacific Naval Symposium , the Pacific Rim countries will participate in this forum. Its members are the United States , Australia, Canada and several Asian countries, including China and Japan. For this event , in particular, are concerned about the issue of Nature , Xiao Bian found an article on rare earth news appeared in the LED industry , said the United States and Japan to reduce dependence on the mainland LED phosphor rare earth prices dropped by 52 to 83 %. In order to understand what is China's rare earth pit or pit the people themselves , the survey wrote some rare problems present in China, Japan and the United States between .

As is known to all , China Rare Earth once as a military and diplomatic bargaining chips external , in 2010 suddenly stopped exports to Japan of rare earths , Japan has become a symbol of China's venture representative . And China in the East China Sea over the designated air defense identification zone , Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited the Yasukuni Shrine by the end of that , but it does not appear the topic of rare earth. Also recently , in 2014 by the China International Conference NdFeB Rare Earth Industry Association and the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo and other materials jointly organized March 3, 2014 , held in Ningbo , the participants of the rare earth prices and supply shortages in 2011 is still soaring fear. Dr. Harada Industry Association of Japan Hideki magnetic appeal , no longer appear rare earth crisis .

Rare crisis over?

September 2010 , in the East China Sea Chinese fishing boat collided with Japan Coast Guard patrol boat incident as an opportunity , China resorted to stop exports of rare earths to Japan of rare earth diplomatic card . Dependence on Chinese rare earths up to nearly 90 percent of Japan's rare earth suddenly caught short , industry chaos. Until the state has been in short supply until the summer of 2011 , rare earth prices soared to 20 times .

Rare high prices also sparked the United States, Canada and Australia in the global rare earth mining boom. Japanese companies diversify procurement channels in order to intensify , the trading company "double day" from the fall of 2013 began importing rare earths from Australia. Toyota Tsusho is scheduled to start this year in India over rare earth production . Accelerate technology development to reduce rare earth usage, recycling of rare earth extraction also appears to expand domestic waste equipment from "urban mines " in the . 2012 imports of rare earths to Japan last year , compared with almost halved , prices fell to fifth peaks. As Japanese companies to ensure that the rare earth reserves in Sino-Japanese relations have cooled to avoid the end of the chaos occurred.

Today, the industry generally believe that " the biggest victims of the embargo is China itself ." Suddenly stop supplying not only lost the trust of the international community , in addition to reducing the impact of exports by volume, China has more than 100 rare earth companies were forced to sharply cut and cut .

The weather the storm through self-help efforts in Japan becomes increasingly powerful. However , Extraordinary Professor Institute of Industrial Science , University of Tokyo Okabe withdraw special is that " Japanese companies in sourcing rare and can only be Chinese pinched neck ."

Traps hidden in the " rare earth" in this collectively . Although referred to as rare earth, but if broken , then the world is widely mined including seven kinds of light rare-earth and reserves of 10 kinds of heavy rare earth, a total of 17 species. After the collision , the Japanese companies to ensure that the rare-earth alternative sourcing mainly for the light rare earths, and heavy rare earth remains almost entirely dependent on Chinese exports.

As a representative of heavy rare earths , dysprosium indispensable in improving the high temperature performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicles equipped with a high-performance magnet aspects . Though as technology advances , the amount of dysprosium vehicle use has decreased, but the growing popularity of electric vehicles if the total amount is difficult to appear reduced.

America, Japan and rare earth crisis is still

Although the continent from 2014 rare earth export quota of view, representing a decrease of approximately 30% in 2013 , mainly due to exports of rare earths in 2013 is lower than the actual amount of that year 's quota , the 2014 quotas are adjusted accordingly . Also, according to industry research of rare earth observation monthly price changes associated with the LED cerium rare earth metals, metal yttrium , terbium oxide , in March 2014 the price was reduced rates were 38.1% , 0%, 41.3% , if the 2012 compared highs , down as much as 52 to 83 percent , this display with LED phosphors past tense situations expensive now appear soothing .

As a national procurement heavy rare-earth measures from outside China , Japan has sought to diversify alternatives , such as rare earth ore imported from Australia, India, investment in the production of rare earth, even to replace other materials such as rare earth , rare earth hope that the mainland monopoly position in the world gradually less . If the supply interruption from China , Japan will lose a steady procurement of heavy rare earth means.

And light rare earth there are also risks . When used in glass polishing cerium , after the embargo affected by the collision of the growing popularity of alternative grinding methods significantly reduce the amount . Cerium- light rare-earth mine output accounted for about half of the mixture . If the maximum yield of cerium -based sales and reduce production plan will result in the same output of mines and high-performance neodymium magnet material for optical lenses reduce the liquidity of lanthanum .

Rare earth industry stakeholders said "Although Japanese companies after the collision has been trying to reduce the amount of rare earth , but due to the current development of new uses, but appeared to increase usage ."

It is understood that the Japanese government pointed out that " Japanese companies is forgotten the pain , a sense of crisis, China 's dependence weakened . " industries are eager to supply and demand and the Sino-Japanese relations can be stabilized as soon as possible rare .

According to Xiao Bian understood , mainly in downstream applications of rare earth magnetic materials, nickel-metal hydride batteries, fluorescent lamps , oil and car exhaust catalysts five areas ; wherein the nickel metal hydride batteries, fluorescent demand accounted for about 30 %. Lost a nickel-metal hydride batteries, fluorescent lamps market , the economic effects of rare earth supply companies will be affected . For example , the rare earth fluorescent lamps are replaced , the market will reduce the demand for europium , terbium, yttrium and the like. Who should have the rare earth industry , smelting , interdependence and common prosperity with a total loss of consciousness interests of the community , for the upstream companies have a reasonable and lasting profit outlook , avoiding exploit in order to achieve win-win cooperation whole industry chain .


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Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
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