From Tungsten Electrode to GTAW Development Ⅰ

The following content is one part of GTAW development on tungsten electrode.

Arc welding develop slowly after the discovery of short pulsed electric arc in 1800 by Humphry Davy, and of the continuous electric arc in 1802 by Vasily Petrov. C.L.Coffin had the idea of welding in an inert gas atmosphere in 1890, but even in the early 20th century, because these metals react rapidly with air and result in porous, dross - filled welds, welding non-ferrous materials(such as, aluminum and magnesium), remained difficult. Processes using flux-covered electrodes didn’t keep the weld area from contamination well. To solve the problem, bottled inert gases were applied at the eailier1930s. A few years later, a direct current, gas-shielded welding process emerged in the aircraft industry for welding magnesium.

Russell Meredith of Northrop Aircraft perfected the process in 1941. Because it used a tungsten electrode arc and helium as a shielding gas, Meredith named the process Heliarc, but it is often referred to as tungsten inert gas welding (TIG); in parts of the world where tungsten is called wolfram, it is known as WIG. The American Welding Society's official term is gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW).  Linde Air Products developed a wide range of air-cooled and water-cooled torches, gas lenses to improve shielding, and other accessories that increased the using of the process. 


 

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Cerium Tungsten Electrode Welding Performance

With the continuous development and improvement of TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas), plasma welding, spraying, cutting and other technologies, people have put forward higher requirements to electrode material performance; certainly, including cerium tungsten electrode, there are several requirements of cerium tungsten electrode welding performance showing in the following:

(1) Increasing the arc performance - lower work function (that is, the need for better active substance and content);

(2) Applies to more welding atmosphere - the need for greater chemical stability;

(3) Also requires that they have a better material structure;

(4) Under high temperature conditions, it is able to put up with stream erosion;

(5) What is more, the mort important point is the one that, requiring it without radioactivity, to eliminate the radioactivity that to harm the environment and human health. The following is a comparative on cerium tungsten electrode and thorium tungsten electrode performance:

(1) Compared to the thorium tungsten electrode, cerium tungsten electrode work function material, oxidation resistance and X-ray dose and other properties are significantly improved.

(2) Cerium tungsten electrode influenced by the decrease of cathode spot reduce and the lower of cathode voltage drop, so that the arc emission current density increases, which raising the minimum arc current, the allowable current and breaking arc spacing and other properties. These parameters will increase as the increase of the content of cerium oxide in the experimental range, and during plasma cutting, its ends will be rendered 'natural sharpened' characteristics.

(3) Cerium tungsten electrode melting deep, weld width, burning rate and the reliability of repeated arc is superior to thorium tungsten electrode. During welding the ultra-thin foil devices and precious metals, the performance of 4% cerium tungsten electrode is better.

 

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Ferrotungsten Product Description

Concentrate or Not: Non-concentrate

Shape: Lump or powder

Alloy or Not: Is Alloy

Dimensions: 10 to 130mm

HS Code: 7202801000

Model Number: FeW80-A, FeW80-B, FeW80-C, FeW70

Chemical Composition: Fe, W, C, P, S, Si, MN, Cu, As, Bi...

Packaging Detail: 100kg per iron bucket

Specifications:

1. Properties: Wolfram is one of the important alloy elements which are used to make special steel. While Wolfram reduce a little elongation rate of steel, it raises strength limit and yield point and also raises hardness and abrasion resistance of steel. It is very important that tungsten has good influence on high temperature mechanical properties of steel to improve heat resistance and tempering stability of steel.

2. Chemical Compositions (GB/T3648-1996)

Chemical Compositions (%)W C P S Si MN Cu As Bi PB SB SN

≤ FeW80-A 75.0-85.0 0.10 0.03 0.06 0.5 0.25 0.10 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06

Usage: It is applicable to act as the tungsten additive in steel smelting or alloy materials.



 

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Determination of Tungsten in Ferrotungsten by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with Centrifugal Casting Sample Preparation

 

A rapid analysis method of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for determining tungsten in ferrotungsten was established with pure iron as flux and centrifugal casting method for sample preparation.The result indicated tungsten had excellent distribution uniformity in sample after melting.No significant difference existed among samples after melting.Meanwhile,test measurement and exclusion were conducted on the potential spectral overlap interference factors in the sample.National standard sample and manually prepared calibration samples were used to draw calibration curve,with linearity scope of 50.00%-85.00%.A comparison was conducted between the testing result of gravimetric method and the proposed method,and the difference was within ±0.20%.The method can meet the the routine testing requirements for fast determination of tungsten in ferrotungsten.



 

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Ferro Tungsten (FeW) Powder Introduction-III

Ferro Tungsten (FeW) Powder Typical Applications:

1) Powder metallurgy, Rare earth (RE) products, fabricating superalloys

2) Ferro tungsten is used in the production of high speed steels and tool steels, which refers to their ability to cut metals at high speeds. 

Ferro Tungsten (FeW) Powder Packaging:

Drums, Pallet boxes, Loose bulk

Ferro Tungsten (FeW) TSCA (SARA Title III) Status:

Listed. For further information please call the E.P.A. at +1.202.554.1404

Ferro Tungsten (FeW) CAS Number:

1) CAS# 7440-33-7 (Tungsten)

2) CAS# 7439-89-6 (Iron)




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