Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a key analytical tool in the fields of materials science, nanotechnology and life sciences. Its core performance depends on the electron emission efficiency and stability of the electron gun. As the core material of the hot cathode electron source, the barium tungsten electrode significantly optimizes the imaging resolution and stability of TEM by reducing the work function and improving the electron emission ability.

A spectrometer is a precision instrument used for compositional analysis based on the absorption, emission, or scattering properties of substances with light. By resolving composite light into monochromatic components of varying wavelengths, it generates characteristic spectra to enable qualitative and quantitative identification of material compositions. Spectrometers find extensive applications in fields such as material characterization, environmental monitoring, and industrial inspection.

Barium tungsten electrodes are composite materials made of tungsten and barium oxide. Due to their low work function, high thermal stability, and excellent electron emission properties, they are often used in detector components that require efficient electron emission or signal amplification. A low work function means that electrons can more easily escape from the electrode surface, providing a foundation for efficient electron emission. High thermal stability ensures that the electrode can maintain stable performance in high-temperature environments without easily deforming or experiencing a decline in performance.

Barium tungsten electrode may be used as an efficient electron emission source in night vision equipment, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by combining the low work function of barium with the stability of tungsten. Its application is mostly seen in traditional or special night vision equipment, especially in scenes that require high current density or specific infrared response.