Wolframite Veins

Wolframite, including the tungstate of iron (ferberite) and the tungstate of manganese (hubnerite), has a field of occurrence similar to that of cassiterite. It appears in igneous rocks, in pegmatites, in cassiterite veins, and sometimes with quartz and bismuth minerals in veins which are evidently of the deep-seated type and allied to the tin veins. But, unlike cassiterite, wolframite also appears abundantly in veins formed under much more moderate temperature and pressure for instance, in those of Boulder County, Colorado. Small quantities of hubnerite are found in veins formed near the surface, as in those of Tonopah, Nevada, and Cripple Creek, Colorado. The principal production in the United States is derived from Boulder County, Colorado where the principal tungsten ore is ferberite, which occurs in small veins in granite. Hubnerite and wolframite have formed placers that are worked in the Little Dragoon Mountains, Arizona.

Wolframite veins of the deep-seated type have been described from the Deer Park district, in Washington and from sources in the Sierra de Cordova in Argentina. Wolframite lodes of great importance have lately been developed in the Tavoy district, These minerals are found in lower Myanmar, where they occur in granite and metamorphic schist and contain in addition quartz, mica, tourmaline, columbite, arsenopyrite, pyrite, bismuthinite and galena. At the same place wolframite is also recovered from alluvial deposits. In 1916 the mines of lower Myanmar produced about 3,000 tons of wolframite concentrates, which was about one-third of the annual output of the world. The crude ore is said to average 1.3 per cent. WO₃ per ton.



 

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