With the continuous development of nuclear technology applications, a variety of radioactive rays are widely used, radiation injury and damage to the environment of the human body is gradually recognized by humans. Frequent exposure to radioactive rays will burn skin, hair loss, eye pain, leukopenia or myeloma and other symptoms. Ray shielding principle means: rays penetrate the material strength will be weakened, a certain thickness of the shielding material can weaken the strength of the rays, set sufficiently thick shielding (shielding material) between the radiator and the human body, can reduce the radiation level, so that people at work are subject to the maximum allowable dose following dose reduction, to ensure personal safety, to protection purposes.
Shielding point is placed a can effectively absorb radiation shielding material between the radiation source and the human body. The γ ray shielding effect of materials of different, wherein heavy metals in the most effective, small size and light weight of the total. There is now usually made of lead shielding material. In nature, the three lead isotopes 206Pb, 208Pb, 207Pb are three natural radioactive series of uranium series, thorium series, the final decay products actinides, and studies have shown that lead is toxic. In order to prevent pollution, protect the environment, the development is proposed instead of lead radiation shielding material requirements. Tungsten nickel alloy nontoxic, safe environment,, high density, small size, light overall weight, abundant. Shielding material in the appropriate amount of added tungsten can screen out the primary and secondary γ-rays.
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