The factors affecting the surface roughness of barium tungsten electrodes involve multiple links such as material preparation, working environment, processing technology and post-treatment, and their formation mechanism is complex and interrelated.

The grain size of barium tungsten electrode is crucial to its performance (such as electron emission ability, thermal stability and mechanical strength), and its influencing factors can be summarized as follows:

The thermal expansion coefficient of barium tungsten electrode is mainly affected by factors such as material composition (ratio of barium to tungsten, doping elements), microstructure (grain size, porosity), preparation process (sintering, pressing, heat treatment) and use environment (temperature, atmosphere).

The arc erosion resistance of barium tungsten electrodes is the core indicator of its resistance to material loss, shape change or performance degradation under the action of arc, which directly affects its service life and stability. This ability is affected by multiple factors. The following is a systematic analysis from four dimensions: material properties, manufacturing process, use conditions and environmental interaction: