It is the first time that uranium enriching plant in Lanzhou opens to medium. Enriched nuclear fuel which extracted here is delivered to every nuclear power station in China after being processed. The plant also used to provide nuclear fuel to Chinese atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb, nuclear submarine, and Qinshan nuclear power station, the first nuclear power station in China. Recently, CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation) announces that industrial application of uranium enrichment has been realized successfully in China.

Uranium enriching centrifuge is core production equipment for uranium enrichment. It is also core secret controlled strictly around the world. Generally, uranium enrichment is one of standards for judging a state carrying on nuclear test or not. Uranium enriching centrifuge, the key equipment is ranked as core secret. Liu Zhonghua, technology director of CNNC Technology and Informatization Department, pointed out that uranium enrichment depended on backward diffusing isolation technique. The primary reason was that manufacturing technology of uranium enriching centrifuge was quite complicated. Rotation rate per minutes was higher than jet engine. Rotation rate of uranium enriching centrifuge reached tens of thousands of rpm to hundreds of thousands of rpm. It demanded materials with high strength. Service substance of uranium enriching centrifuge was gaseous uranium hexafluoride which had strong corrosivity. It also demanded materials with high corrosion resistance. Tungsten alloy radiation shielding can meet the requirements of uranium enriching centrifuge with high strength and corrosion resistance. In addition, during uranium enriching, tungsten alloy radiation shielding can be used as collimators or containers for radioactive isotopes. Tungsten alloy radiation shielding is ideal for shielding against both X-ray and Gamma radiation. The very high density of tungsten alloy radiation shielding allows a reduction in the physical size of shielding components, without compromising the effectiveness of the shielding characteristics.

During several years, researchers of CNNC have overcome multiple technical difficulties of uranium enriching centrifuge, finishing research of uranium enriching centrifuge and realizing the industrial application of uranium enriching centrifuge. Decrease the cost of uranium enrichment greatly.

Development of Chinese nuclear weapon was begun in 1950’s. In June, 1959, China started 596 Project for against with the U.S. and Soviet Union. At the beginning, development of Chinese nuclear weapon is carried on with the assistance of soviet experts. With the breakage of relationship between China and Soviet Union, Soviet Union withdrew all of its experts. China was forced to develop nuclear weapon by itself. On October 16^th, 1964, the first Chinese atomic bomb exploded successfully in Lop Nur, Xinjiang, making China become the fifth state which had nuclear weapon. On the same day, China gave a solemn announcement to the world that China would not use nuclear weapon in anytime and any case. China developed nuclear weapon for self defense purely. On September 9^th, 1966, China used H-6, medium bomber to test nuclear weapon. On October 25^th, 1966, China launched its first nuclear missile. On June 17^th, China tested its first hydrogen bomb successfully. Nuclear fusel which needed by development of Chinese nuclear weapon was provided uranium enriching plant which belongs to CNNC now in Lanzhou. So uranium enriching plant in Lanzhou made great contributions to development of Chinese nuclear weapon.

As a state which has nuclear weapon, China never avoids its obligation and responsibility for nuclear disarmament. China is always advocating that forbid nuclear weapon comprehensively and destroy nuclear weapon drastically. On July 30^th, 1996, China announced to stop nuclear test. On September 24^th, 1996, China became the first batch of states which signed CNBT (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-ban Treaty). China is always keeping high continence for scale and development of nuclear weapon. China never participates in nuclear arms race or deploys nuclear weapon in other states.     

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European tungsten market quiet

European tungsten market is quiet. Although the China tungsten prices keep moving up, the customers are cautious in making deals.

A tungsten trader based in Germany expressed to Asian Metal that they receive inquiries for ferrotungsten from one of the big steel factories in Germany, and the prices are at around USD47.7kg W. 

You can visit the following links for more information about   tungsten prices. Thank you very much!

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The demand from the cemented carbide market does not show obvious improvements at present, and the customers only purchase from hand to mouth with watching attitude.

However, owing to the increasing APT prices, the tungsten carbide powder offers move up further this week. A source from a tungsten carbide powder factory based in North China expressed that cemented carbide market is quite and tungsten concertrate prices move up in this week.

You can visit the following links for more information about   tungsten carbide powder prices. Thank you very much!

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China  tungsten concentrate prices move up gradually, but the downstream markets are unfavorable. According to the formula, the APT price = (tungsten concentrate price *1.45)+11,000. In early March, the wolframite 65% prices were at RMB118,000-120,000/t (USD217-221/mtu), and the APT prices should be at RMB182,000-185,000/t (USD336-341/mtu), but the prices were only at RMB179,000-181,000/t (USD330-334/mtu) in the spot market, and some offers were even lower.

Generally, if the products prices keep increasing, it is a good news for most of the market participants. But the market does not move up with the increasing prices at this time.

China tungsten concentrate prices continued to go up into Q2, but most of the market participants were puzzled. China tungsten concentrate prices moved up continuously from the second  half  of

March as some companies pushed up the prices further. But the demand from the downstream markets did not recover, and the market was quiet. Actually, Certain company has purchased tungsten concentrate prices at the end of last year.

Certain company‘s offers for wolframite 65% were at RMB135,000/t (USD339/mtu) in December 2012, while the spot prices were only at RMB116,000-119,000/t (USD291-299/mtu). However, owing to many kinds of the reasons, the tungsten concentrate prices did not be pushed up in 2012.

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Ammonium paratungstate(APT) export inquiries increase, while trading still thin

As the China ammonium paratungstate  prices(APT  prices) kept increasing, the APT export prices moved up in the overseas market, which were at USD385-395mtu.

However, it is still under the production cost for the Chinese APT suppliers. According to the market participants, under the current China ammonium paratungstate  offers(APT offers), they are willing to make offers for APT offers at USD420mtu FOB China or higher. 

But no deals could be concluded at the level. In the recent days, the inquiries increased slightly.

You can visit the following links for more information about  ammonium paratungstate market(APTmarket). Thank you very much!

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China tungsten concentrate pries hold firm.

China tungsten concentrate prices hold firm at present. Many market participants are waiting for the China Minmetals offers in the second half of June.

The trading volume is still small. A tungsten concentrate trader based in South China expressed that the tungsten concentrate market kept moving up in June. It is expected that the market will increase further.

You can visit the following links for more information about  tungsten concertrate market. Thank you very much! 

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Tungsten carbide powder offers show uptrend in China.

China ammonium paratungstate prices(APT prices) prices move up further this week, and the highest offers are even at RMB220,000t USD406mtu now.

Therefore, the tungsten carbide powder factories intend to raise offers. A source from a tungsten carbide powder factory based in South China, with an output of around 200 tons per month, expressed that they make offers for medium-sized for more.

You can visit the following links for more information about  ammonium paratungstate prices (APT prices). Thank you very much!

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Japanese tungsten carbide powder consumers cautious in adding stocks.

China tungsten prices kept moving up in the recent days, while the prices increased slowly in the overseas market.

According to the Japanese tungsten market participants, the tungsten market keeps quiet in Japan.

A tungsten carbide powder trader based in Japan expressed that they receive offers for medium-sized tungsten carbide powder at USD55-57kg FOB China.

You can visit the following links for more information about tungsten carbide powder market. Thank you very much!

Tungsten Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.chinatungsten.com
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China is a large producer of tungsten, and tungsten reserves accounted for about 70 percent of the world's total reserves and the tungsten output accounts for 80% of world production.

Tungsten has the highest melting point  of all metals. It is known as the "Industrial teeth" and "industrial salt". Tungsten is widely used in the defense industry, aerospace, machinery manufacturing, oil drilling, special steel, new materials, including satellites, launch vehicles and spacecraft are also inseparable from the composition of the tungsten alloy.

As an important strategic resource, tungsten plays an important role in the national economic and national security. In tanks, tungsten alloy is used to make bombs, also used as a composite armor component to improve the thermal strength and temperature capabilities. Tungsten is applied for a variety of high-speed ammunition, especially armor-piercing and tungsten almost is the only option for high-speed armor-piercing bomb core material.

Later, the United States developed depleted uranium (uranium 238) to replace tungsten as armor-piercing material. But it has been criticized by environmental issues. In World War II, due to be cut off from the channels of the Chinese imports of tungsten ore, the Nazi German tanks is seriously lack of big-power tungsten penetrators, including Tiger tanks and other weapons are greatly reduced firepower.

Although China has the world's largest tungsten reserve, Due to the bad skill of excavating tungsten, China has wasted a lot of tungsten. In addition, lots of tungsten is exported for profit. So domestic turnstile has been exhausted and the wolframite resources are reducing quickly.

At present, China's tungsten reserve, production, trade and consumption volume rank first in the world. However, the rank in the world didn’t just bring pride. The import price is seven times of export price. In 2003, China exported 26,000 tons of semi-finished products of tungsten, with exports of $ 220 million accounted for 2/3 of the total exports of primary products. During the same period, China's exports bulb 6.6 billion, spent about 230 tons of tungsten, exports $ 200 million.

In the same year, the price of per ton tungsten imported is more than 199,000 US dollars, while the export price is $ 28,000, only 1/7 of the import price. China exported 2943 tons of tungsten products to the United States, accounting for 1/3 of the U.S. tungsten supply and exports of $ 25.6 million. In the same period, the sales revenue of the United States Kennametal reached $ 2 billion in the processing of tungsten carbide products imported. China's tungsten industry sales revenue is 10 billion yuan. Export-oriented primary product is the Achilles heel of many industries in China's foreign trade. Valuable resource is depleting, but tungsten didn’t bring lots of profit for China.


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