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Forming and Stamping of Tungsten

Tungsten can be fabricated into many simple shapes and configurations. It can be folded, bent, formed, spun, flow-turned, sheared, stamped, punched, and riveted. On the other hand, tungsten is a strong, hard, crack-sensitive metal that is usually brittle at room temperature. It requires special handling and skill beyond that necessary for most metals and alloys.

The most important rule to remember when working with tungsten is that it must be formed or cut at temperatures well above its transition temperature. Failure to follow this rule will generally result in cracked or laminated parts. Care should be taken to insure that the metal remains at this temperature throughout the entire forming process. The use of cold tooling which rapidly chills the metal can be as harmful as not preheating the material.

The following Basic Rules apply to almost all fabricating techniques:

1. Tungsten should be fabricated well above its transition temperature.
2. Tungsten must not be heated above its recrystallization temperature unless the resulting brittle structure is of no consequence.
3. Tungsten is a notch sensitive material. The elimination of all stress-risers prior to fabrication is always a good practice.
4. Tungsten has directional properties that relate to the rolling direction. Whenever possible, bends should be made perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet.
5. Cutting edges should always be kept sharp, and clearances should be kept as small as possible.
6. Bending radii should be as generous as possible.
    

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